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Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on Graphene and Its Sensing Application

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Abstract

A plasmonic perfect absorber is proposed using a silver substrate in the visible near-infrared wavelength range. The unit cell of the periodic structure is designed and evaluated in this paper. The Ag layer is etched so that four trapezoidal trenches filled with Si3N4 couple plasmonic modes on the metal–insulator interfaces. Various optical modes are formed, from which, a surface and a bulk mode are thoroughly studied. The surface mode can be coupled to the graphene sheet surface through a thin dielectric layer. Moreover, the effect of the variation of the structure’s geometrical parameters on these modes was discussed. The bulk mode changes by the volume of the trenches and the effective refractive index, whereas the surface mode shifts with the period of the unit cell, the trenches depth, and other parameters that change the coupling criteria. The variation of the surface mode of the proposed structure can be used in sensors and photodetectors. As an application instance, an optimized structure is proposed at the end of the paper for sensing applications, showing high sensitivity (560 to 600 nm/RIU) and a figure of merit (70 ~ 120 RIU−1) in a wide refractive index range.

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Data Availability

The data of this work are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

    Somayeh Yousefi & Morteza Maleki

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  1. Somayeh Yousefi
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  2. Morteza Maleki
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Contributions

Somayeh Yousefi designed the initial model and conducted the simulations. Morteza Maleki has written the first draft of the manuscript and performed the initial conclusions. Both authors contributed to the study’s conceptions, redesigned the models, commented on previous versions of the manuscript, contributed to the revisions, and read and approved the final manuscript. Both authors have participated equally in this work.

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Correspondence to Somayeh Yousefi.

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Yousefi, S., Maleki, M. Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on Graphene and Its Sensing Application. Plasmonics 18, 1913–1922 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-01900-2

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