Abstract
Alterations in the ratio of glutathione (GSH) to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) reveal the cell living state and are associated with a variety of diseases. In this study, an Au NPs grafted nanoporous silicon chip was used for surface assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) detection of GSH. Due to the bond interaction between thiol of GSH and Au NPs modified on the chip surfaces, GSH could be captured from the complex cellular lysate. Meanwhile, the composite nanostructures of Au NPs grafted porous silicon surface presented good desorption/ionization efficiency for GSH detection. The GSH levels in different tumor cells were successfully detected. Chip-based SALDI-MS was optimized for quantification of intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio changing under drug stimulation in liver tumor cells, GSSG was reduced to GSH by reductant of tris (2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) and isotope-labeling GSH was as an internal standard. It was found that the increasing concentration of drug irinotecan and hypoxia culture condition caused the rapid consumption of GSH and a decrease of GSH/ GSSG ratio in liver tumor cells. The developed SALDI-MS method provided a convenient way to accurately measure and rapidly monitor cellular GSH value and the ratios of GSH/GSSG.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wu G, Fang YZ, Yang S, Lupton JR, Turner ND. J Nutr, 2004, 134: 489–492
Giustarini D, Galvagni F, Tesei A, Farolfi A, Zanoni M, Pignatta S, Milzani A, Marone IM, Dalle-Donne I, Nassini R, Rossi R. Free Radical Biol Med, 2015, 89: 972–981
Eckert A, Keil U, Marques CA, Bonert A, Frey C, Schüssel K, Müller WE. Biochem Pharmacol, 2003, 66: 1627–1634
Jin YN, Johnson GVW. J Bioenerg Biomembr, 2010, 42: 199–205
Świetek K, Juszczyk J. J Viral Hepatitis, 1997, 4: 139–141
Shirin H, Pinto JT, Liu LU, Merzianu M, Sordillo EM, Moss SF. Cancer Lett, 2001, 164: 127–133
Fabrini R, Bocedi A, Massoud R, Federici G, Ricci G. Clin Biochem, 2012, 45: 668–671
Ngamchuea K, Batchelor-McAuley C, Compton RG. Anal Chem, 2017, 89: 2901–2908
Tietze F. Anal Biochem, 1969, 27: 502–522
Lv Y, Lu M, Yang Y, Yin Y, Zhao J. Sens Actuators B-Chem, 2017, 244: 151–156
Liu J, Bao C, Zhong X, Zhao C, Zhu L. Chem Commun, 2010, 46: 2971–2973
Wu X, Shao A, Zhu S, Guo Z, Zhu W. Sci China Chem, 2016, 59: 62–69
Toyo’oka T. J Chromatogr B, 2009, 877: 3318–3330
Isokawa M, Kanamori T, Funatsu T, Tsunoda M. J Chromatogr B, 2014, 964: 103–115
Giustarini D, Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A, Fanti P, Rossi R. Nat Protoc, 2013, 8: 1660–1669
Häkkinen H. Nat Chem, 2012, 4: 443–455
Pensa E, Cortés E, Corthey G, Carro P, Vericat C, Fonticelli MH, Benítez G, Rubert AA, Salvarezza RC. Acc Chem Res, 2012, 45: 1183–1192
Zhou X, Cao P, Tian Y, Zhu J. J Am Chem Soc, 2010, 132: 4161–4168
Li J, Liu J, Liu Z, Tan Y, Liu X, Wang F. Anal Chem, 2017, 89: 4339–4343
Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Anal Bioanal Chem, 2016, 408: 4485–4502
Gao J, Sanchez-Purra M, Huang H, Wang S, Chen Y, Yu X, Luo Q, Hamad-Schifferli K, Liu S. Sci China Chem, 2017, 60: 1219–1229
Liu Z, Zhao F, Gao S, Shao J, Chang H. Nanoscale Res Lett, 2016, 11: 460
Peng H, Tang H, Jiang J. Sci China Chem, 2016, 59: 783–793
Almeida JPM, Figueroa ER, Drezek RA. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med, 2014, 10: 503–514
Chen Z, Li J, Chen X, Cao J, Zhang J, Min Q, Zhu JJ. J Am Chem Soc, 2015, 137: 1903–1908
Wang J, Jie M, Li H, Lin L, He Z, Wang S, Lin JM. Talanta, 2017, 168: 222–229
Su CL, Tseng WL. Anal Chem, 2007, 79: 1626–1633
Larguinho M, Capelo JL, Baptista PV. Talanta, 2013, 105: 417–421
Sangsuwan A, Narupai B, Sae-ung P, Rodtamai S, Rodthongkum N, Hoven VP. Anal Chem, 2015, 87: 10738–10746
Shi CY, Deng CH. Analyst, 2016, 141: 2816–2826
Pavesi L, Dal Negro L, Mazzoleni C, Franzò G, Priolo F. Nature, 2000, 408: 440–444
Ding Z, Quinn BM, Haram SK, Pell LE, Korgel BA, Bard AJ. Science, 2002, 296: 1293–1297
Ma DDD, Lee CS, Au FCK, Tong SY, Lee ST. Science, 2003, 299: 1874–1877
He Y, Kang ZH, Li QS, Tsang C, Fan CH, Lee ST. Angew Chem, 2009, 121: 134–138
Chen S, Xiong C, Liu H, Wan Q, Hou J, He Q, Badu-Tawiah A, Nie Z. Nat Nanotech, 2015, 10: 176–182
Wei J, Buriak JM, Siuzdak G. Nature, 1999, 399: 243–246
Stopka SA, Rong C, Korte AR, Yadavilli S, Nazarian J, Razunguzwa TT, Morris NJ, Vertes A. Angew Chem, 2016, 128: 4558–4562
Tsao CW, Yang ZJ. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2015, 7: 22630–22637
Mathijssen RHJ, Van Alphen RJ, Verweij J, Loos WJ, Nooter K, Stoter G, Sparreboom A. Clin Cancer Res, 2001, 7: 2182–2194
Park DJ, Won JH, Cho AR, Yun HJ, Heo JH, Hwhang TH, Lee DH, Kim WM. J Chromatogr B, 2014, 962: 147–152
Jie M, Li HF, Lin L, Zhang J, Lin JM. RSC Adv, 2016, 6: 54564–54572
Canevali C, Alia M, Fanciulli M, Longo M, Ruffo R, Mari CM. Surf Coat Technol, 2015, 280: 37–42
Wei H, Chueh B, Wu H, Hall EW, Li C, Schirhagl R, Lin JM, Zare RN. Lab Chip, 2011, 11: 238–245
Silina YE, Meier F, Nebolsin VA, Koch M, Volmer DA. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 2014, 25: 841–851
Silina YE, Koch M, Volmer DA. J Mass Spectrom, 2014, 49: 468–480
Chiang CK, Chiang NC, Lin ZH, Lan GY, Lin YW, Chang HT. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 2010, 21: 1204–1207
Semenza GL. Cell, 2012, 148: 399–408
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21775086, 21435002, 21621003).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, M., Mao, S., Wang, S. et al. Chip-based SALDI-MS for rapid determination of intracellular ratios of glutathione to glutathione disulfide. Sci. China Chem. 62, 142–150 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-018-9327-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-018-9327-7