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Mapping of urban environmentally sensitive areas in Bratislava city

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Abstract

Purpose

Environmentally sensitive areas within urban environment (U-ESA) play an essential role in maintaining urban ecological balance and ecological safety. The aims of our study were to analyse and evaluate the U-ESA spatial distribution in Bratislava city, in terms of the impact of sealed area, soil quality and urban green areas infrastructure as well as the occurrence of urban heat island in the summer months. These phenomena significantly reduce the ecological functions and ecosystem services of urban soils and can result in negative affect of the living standard and health condition of urban population.

Methods

The methodology for assessing U-ESA is based on a multi-criteria process in which the following parameters have been identified and synthesized: pedo-urban complexes and their quality, urban heat island (UHI) areas and spatial distribution of urban vegetation types. Pedo-urban complexes (soil units including sealing areas, land use and soil degradation forms) were classified according to WRB.

Results

Georeferenced databases and maps became the basis for the identification of parameters involved within identification of U-ESA. Several partial products were compiled: vectorized land cover/land use categorized according to the Extended Nomenclature Urban Atlas 2012, database of pedo-urban complexes, modelled urban heat island map and map of urban vegetation types. Overlaying and synthesis of these partial results confirm thesis that sealed surfaces are one of the main causes of the increased incidence urban heat islands, but not entirely. The resulting U-ESA, designed areas in Bratislava, which are under increased risk in terms of quality of living standards.

Conclusion

The key point of the research in the future is to find assessment of the soil quality in urbanized areas. We assume that the assessment should be based on ecosystem functions of pedo-urban complexes, i.e. anthropogenic soils. The identification of the U-ESA can be used for solving of housing comfort and quality of living standards in the frame of urban development and balanced spatial urban planning.

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Funding

This article was created with the financial support of the project APVV-15-0136.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Agricultural and Food Centre, Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute, Trenčianska 55, 821 09, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Jaroslava Sobocká, Martin Saksa & Andrea Rášová

  2. Institute of Geography, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štefánikova 49, 814 73, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Ján Feranec & Daniel Szatmári

  3. Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jeséniova 17, 833 15, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Juraj Holec

  4. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Cartography, Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Hana Bobáľová

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  1. Jaroslava Sobocká
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  2. Martin Saksa
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  3. Ján Feranec
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Correspondence to Martin Saksa.

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Sobocká, J., Saksa, M., Feranec, J. et al. Mapping of urban environmentally sensitive areas in Bratislava city. J Soils Sediments 21, 2059–2070 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02682-4

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