Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF), one of the most current and widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), has been frequently detected in aquatic environments worldwide. However, the ecotoxicological effects of DCF on freshwater invertebrates remain largely unknown. In the present study, Corbicula fluminea were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of DCF (0, 2, 20, and 200 μg/L) for 28 days, and the potential adverse effects of DCF on siphoning behavior, antioxidant responses, and apoptosis were investigated. Our results showed that the siphon efficiencies of clams were significantly suppressed under DCF stress. DCF exerted neurotoxicity via reducing the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in gills and digestive gland of C. fluminea. Exposure to DCF induced antioxidant stress and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both gills and digestive gland of C. fluminea. Transcriptional alterations of apoptosis-related genes indicated that DCF might induce apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. These findings can improve our understanding of the ecological risk of DCF in freshwater ecosystems.
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Data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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The authors acknowledge all the members of Aquatic Ecotoxicology Lab for their assistance in animal culture and tissue sampling.
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This study was supported by National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (China, X202110389158).
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Nan Yuan: conceptualization, methodology, validation, investigation, writing—review and editing, funding acquisition; Jieyu Ding: investigation, validation, data curation, visualization, writing—review and editing; Jiasang Wu: methodology; Erqin Bao: validation; Yaoyao Chu: formal analysis and investigation; Fengxiao Hu: writing—review and editing, supervision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Yuan, ., Ding, J., Wu, J. et al. A multibiomarker approach to assess the ecotoxicological effects of diclofenac on Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774). Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 88598–88611 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28702-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28702-7