Abstract
Modeling plants for biomass production and metal uptake from surrounding environment is strongly dependent on the moisture content of soil. Therefore, experiments were conducted to find out how soil moisture affects the phenotypic traits, photosynthetic efficiency, metabolic profile, and metal accumulation in the hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii (S. alfredii). A total of six water potential gradients were set: 0 ~ −15 kPa (T1), −15 ~ −30 kPa (T2), −30 ~ −45 kPa (T3), −45 ~ −60 kPa (T4), −60 ~ −75 kPa (T5), and −75 ~ −90 kPa (T6). Different water potential treatments had a significant effect on plant growth and metal uptake efficiency. Compared to T3, T2 was more effective in promoting plant growth and development, with an increase in biomass of 23% and 17% in both fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), respectively. T2 and T3 had the highest cadmium (Cd) content in the shoot (280.2 mg/kg) and (283.3 mg/kg), respectively, whereas T1 had the lowest values (204.7 mg/kg). Cd availability for plants in the soil was affected by moving soil moisture cycles. Changes in soil moisture that were either too high or too low compared to the ideal soil water content for S. alfredii growth resulted in a significant reduction in Cd accumulation in shoots. Tryptophan, phenylalanine, and other amino acids were accumulated in T5, whereas only tryptophan and phenylalanine slightly increased in T1. Sugars and alcohols such as sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, galactinol, and mannobiose increased in T5, while they decreased significantly in T1. Interestingly, in contrast to T1, the two impaired metabolic pathways in T5 (galactose and starch metabolism) were identified to be glucose metabolic pathways. These findings provide scientific information (based on experiments) to improve biomass production and metal uptake efficiency in hyperaccumulating ecotype of S. alfredii for phytoremediation-contaminated agricultural fields.
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This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#41721001; #31872956), the Zhejiang Provincial Project (#2020SNLF009) Zhejiang Provincial Public Welfare Technology Research Project (#LGN19C150013) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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Song Yu: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, software, validation, visualization, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Zulfiqar Ali Sahito: conceptualization, investigation, methodology, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Min Lu: writing—review and editing, visualization, and methodology. Qiwei Huang: methodology, writing—review and editing. Pengtao Du: data curation and validation. Jiapan Lian: formal analysis, methodology, and validation. Dan Chen: methodology and writing—review and editing. Ying Feng: funding acquisition and project administration. Zhenli He: formal analysis and writing—review and editing. Xiaoe Yang: data curation, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, supervision, and writing—review and editing.
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Yu, ., Sahito, Z.A., Lu, M. et al. Soil water stress alters differentially relative metabolic pathways affecting growth performance and metal uptake efficiency in a cadmium hyperaccumulator ecotype of Sedum alfredii. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 88986–88997 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28691-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28691-7