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Environmental factors modulated the fatty acid profile of the shrimp Xiphopenaeus spp. in Cananéia and Ubatuba southeast Brazilian coast

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Abstract

Environmental characteristics influence the fatty acids (FAs) of aquatic organisms. Environmental factors and anthropic actions such as water pollution can impact FA composition. This directly affects the trophic network, especially when low-quality FA is provided to other trophic levels. The omnivore Penaeoidea shrimp is rich in proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), representing an important node in the trophic web. We compared the FA composition of the commercially exploited seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus spp. in two distinct coastal sites, Cananéia and Ubatuba, on the southeast Brazilian coast. Cananéia has a low human population density and is a preserved area with nearby mangroves, while Ubatuba is highly urbanised and influenced by tourism (increasing the domestic sewage), with diverse microhabitats but without mangrove influence. We found a total of 29 different FAs in seabob shrimp samples. Saturated FAs and PUFAS were the most representatives. For sex or age (juvenile and adult), deviations were found in the monosaturated FA, ω6, and ω3/ω6. However, FA composition was significantly different between sites, with Ubatuba presenting a lower abundance of FAs than Cananéia. The fatty acid composition of Xiphopenaeus spp. was influenced by environmental quality factors such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, organic matter, and size gradient. The presence of high amounts of organic matter (especially sewage) during decomposition can decrease dissolved oxygen levels, reducing the quality of the first producers and limiting the availability of FAs for other trophic levels. The study suggests that water pollution and mangrove forests can impact the FAs of Xiphopenaeus spp., potentially reducing their nutritional value and causing an imbalance in the transference of FAs.

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Data availability

Gonçalves GRL, De Troch M. Zoology Department, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu — São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil; Marine Biology Research Group; Ghent University (UGent-MARBIOL), Belgium (2020); fatty acids analysis of shrimp in São Paulo, Brazil; and Marine Data Archive: https://doi.org/10.14284/392.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the PhD Camila T. Woody and the Ma. Alexander Wilkes for the English corrections. We also thank “Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade” (ICMBio) and the “Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis” (IBAMA) for granting permission to collect the samples. The research leading to the results presented in this publication was carried out with infrastructure funded by EMBRC Belgium — FWO International Research Infrastructure I001621N.

Funding

This work was supported by the following: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP: 2016/20177-0, 2018/01659-0, 2019/00105-3), “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico — CNPq” (311034/2018-7 to ALC), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 730984, and ASSEMBLE Plus project. The FA analyses were supported by Special Research Fund of Ghent University (BOF-UGent) in the form of the starting grant “Energy transfer at the basis of marine food webs in a changing world” awarded to the last author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scottish Marine Institute, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Oban, Argyll, Scotland, UK

    Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves

  2. Institute of Biosciences, Zoology Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves, Pedro Vinícius Melo dos Santos, Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo & Antonio Leão Castilho

  3. Marine Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Marleen De Troch

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Contributions

GRLG, conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, funding acquisition, and writing — original draft; PVMS, investigation and formal analysis; MLNF, conceptualization, methodology, investigation, and writing — review and editing; ALC, investigation, funding acquisition, supervision, and writing — review and editing; and MDT, conceptualization, methodology, investigation, funding acquisition, formal analysis, supervision, and writing — review and editing.

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Correspondence to Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves.

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Not applicable. Animals used in this assay are from an invertebrate species, which do not require previous ethics approval.

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Gonçalves, G.R.L., dos Santos, P.V.M., Negreiros-Fransozo, M.L. et al. Environmental factors modulated the fatty acid profile of the shrimp Xiphopenaeus spp. in Cananéia and Ubatuba southeast Brazilian coast. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 76936–76949 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27846-w

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