Abstract
In this study, we are reporting a novel prediction model for forecasting the carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation of microalgae which is based on the hybrid approach of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and genetic algorithm (GA). The CO2 fixation rate of various algal strains was collected and the cultivation conditions of the microalgae such as temperature, pH, CO2 %, and amount of nitrogen and phosphorous (mg/L) were taken as the input variables, while the CO2 fixation rate was taken as the output variable. The optimization of ANFIS parameters and the formation of the optimized fuzzy model structure were performed by genetic algorithm (GA) using MATLAB in order to achieve optimum prediction capability and industrial applicability. The best-fitting model was figured out using statistical analysis parameters such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of regression (R2), and average absolute relative deviation (AARD). According to the analysis, GA-ANFIS model depicted a greater prediction capability over ANFIS model. The RMSE, R2, and AARD for GA-ANFIS were observed to be 0.000431, 0.97865, and 0.044354 in the training phase and 0.00056, 0.98457, and 0.032156 in the testing phase, respectively, for the GA-ANFIS Model. As a result, it can be concluded that the proposed GA-ANFIS model is an efficient technique having a very high potential to accurately predict the CO2 fixation rate.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the respective affiliated institutes and departments for providing the facilities to carry out this work. OSK acknowledges Professor Rajnish Kumar, ChE-IIT Madras, for encouragement and support.
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The authors acknowledge the DST-SERB Government of India for funding this study in the form of fellowship which was used partially. There was no direct funding available for this work, however, partial funding for this work was used from the project PDF/2017/003075 granted by DST-SERB-India.
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HP: data collection and validation, method validation, writing draft; KK: formal analysis, review; OSK: conceptualization, methodology, project management, visualization, investigation, supervision, writing and editing
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This paper was presented in the 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Bio, and Environmental Engineering (CHEMBION-2021) conducted by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, National Institute of Technology-Jalandhar, Punjab-144011, INDIA held on August 20–22, 2021.
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Kushwaha, O., Uthayakumar, H. & Kumaresan, K. Modeling of carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae using hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) and fuzzy logic (FL) methods and optimization by genetic algorithm (GA). Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 24927–24948 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19683-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19683-0