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Influence of catalysts on bio-oil yield and quality: a review

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Abstract

The catalytic production of bio-oil can potentially solve the impending fossil fuel depletion crisis. Two practical problems related to bio-oil are the yield and quality, which are determined by the catalyst. Until recently, little work has focused on the relationship between biomass, catalyst, yield, and quality. To cover this deficiency, this work reviews the influence of metal oxides and zeolites on the yields and qualities of bio-oil derived from woody, herbaceous, agricultural, and algae biomasses. Generally, both catalysts decreased the yield and increased the quality at the same time, and more acidic catalysts decreased the yield further. Thus, zeolites usually decreased the yield more than metal oxides. Although the quality was increased, the oxygen content and calorific value were both increased, which favored further applications. Wood biomass had a lower ash content and nitrogen content than herbaceous, agricultural, and algae biomasses, simultaneously resulting in better yield and quality. This review helps understand the current status of bio-oil investigations and can help find new research directions in the future.

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Fig. 1

Adapted from Chen et al. (2020)

Fig. 2

Adapted from Zheng et al. (2017)

Fig. 3

Adapted from Wang et al. (2017)

Fig. 4

Adapted from Rahman et al. (2018)

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the help of the Instrumental Analysis & Research Center of Shanghai University in sample characterization.

Funding

This project was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development program of China (2019YFC0408204). Training Program for academic and technical leaders of major disciplines in Jiangxi Province (Leading Talents Project, S2020RCDT2K0080).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SHU Center of Green Urban Mining & Industry Ecology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 381 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China

    Yimin Yang, Jin Zhang, Jia Zhang & Qiang Liu

  2. MGI of Shanghai University, Xiapu Town, Xiangdong District, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi, 337022, People’s Republic of China

    Guangren Qian

Authors
  1. Yimin Yang
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  2. Jin Zhang
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  3. Jia Zhang
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  4. Qiang Liu
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  5. Guangren Qian
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Yimin Yang, Jin Zhang and Jia Zhang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yimin Yang and Jin Zhang, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jia Zhang.

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Communicated by Ta Yeong Wu.

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Yang, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. et al. Influence of catalysts on bio-oil yield and quality: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 30986–31001 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18801-2

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