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Comprehensive review on naringenin and naringin polyphenols as a potent anticancer agent

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Abstract

Though the incidence of several cancers in Western societies is regulated wisely, some cancers such as breast, lung, and colorectal cancer are currently rising in many low- and middle-income countries due to increased risk factors triggered by societal and development problems. Surgery, chemotherapy, hormone, radiation, and targeted therapies are examples of traditional cancer treatment approaches. However, multiple short- and long-term adverse effects may also significantly affect patient prognosis depending on treatment-associated clinical factors. More and more research has been carried out to find new therapeutic agents in natural products, among which the bioactive compounds derived from plants have been increasingly studied. Naringin and naringenin are abundantly found in citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruits. A variety of cell signaling pathways mediates their anti-carcinogenic properties. Naringin and naringenin were also documented to overcome multidrug resistance, one of the major challenges to clinical practice due to multiple defense mechanisms in cancer. The effective parameters underlying the anticancer effects of naringenin and naringin include GSK3β inactivation, suppression of the gene and protein activation of NF-kB and COX-2, JAK2/STAT3 downregulation, downregulation of intracellular adhesion molecules-1, upregulation of Notch1 and tyrocite-specific genes, and activation of p38/MAPK and caspase-3. Thus, this review outlines the potential of naringin and naringenin in managing different types of cancers.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

modified from https://www.cusabio.com/pathway/MAPK-signaling-pathway.html, with depicting of naringenin and naringin anticancer affections in targeted zones)

Fig. 3

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Data availability

All data presented herein are constant with the published literature.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the University of Swabi and Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for supporting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Abdur Rauf & Shahid Ali Khan

  2. K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, The First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russia

    Mohammad Ali Shariati

  3. Department of food science and technology, University of Narowal-Pakistan, Pakistan

    Muhammad Imran

  4. Food, nutrition and lifestyle Unit, King Fahed Medical Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

    Muhammad Imran

  5. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Abasyan University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Kashif Bashir

  6. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Saikat Mitra

  7. Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh

    Talha Bin Emran

  8. General Toxicological Chemistry Department, Azerbaijan Medical University Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

    Kamala Badalova

  9. Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Sahab Uddin

  10. Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan

    Mohammad S. Mubarak

  11. Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah S. M. Aljohani

  12. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

    Fahad A. Alhumaydhi

  13. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, South-Ural State Agrarian University, Chelyabinsk Region, 13 Gagarin St, Troitsk, 454700, Russian Federation

    Marina Derkho

  14. Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, 06135, Ankara, Turkey

    Serdar Korpayev

  15. Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey

    Gokhan Zengin

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  1. Abdur Rauf
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  2. Mohammad Ali Shariati
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  3. Muhammad Imran
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  4. Kashif Bashir
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  5. Shahid Ali Khan
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  9. Md. Sahab Uddin
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  15. Gokhan Zengin
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Contributions

Conceptualization, AR, MAS, and MI; methodology, KB1, SAK, SM, TBE, and KB2; formal analysis and investigation, AR, KD, MSU, MSM, ASMA, FAA, MD, SK, and GZ; writing (original draft preparation), AR, MAS, and MI; writing (review and editing), AR, SK, and GZ; funding acquisition, AR; resources, AR and MAS; and supervision, AR and GZ.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gokhan Zengin.

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Rauf, A., Shariati, M.A., Imran, M. et al. Comprehensive review on naringenin and naringin polyphenols as a potent anticancer agent. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 31025–31041 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18754-6

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