Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of phytonutrients as antibiotic substitutes in poultry feed

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Globally, there is increasing demand for safe poultry food products free from antibiotic residues. There is thus a need to develop alternatives to antibiotics with safe nutritional feed derivatives that maximize performance, promote the intestinal immune status, enrich beneficial microbiota, promote health, and reduce the adverse effects of pathogenic infectious microorganisms. With the move away from including antibiotics in poultry diets, botanicals are among the most important alternatives to antibiotics. Some botanicals such as fennel, garlic, oregano, mint, and rosemary have been reported to increase the poultry’s growth rate and/or feed to gain ratio. Botanicals’ role is assumed to be mediated by improved immune responses and/or shifts in the microbial population in the intestine, with the elimination of pathogenic species. In addition, modulation of the gut microbiota resulted in various physiological and immunological responses and promoted beneficial bacterial strains that led to a healthy gut. There is thus a need to understand the relationship between poultry diets supplemented with botanicals and good health of the entire gastrointestinal tract if we intend to use these natural products to promote general health status and production. This current review provides an overview of current knowledge about certain botanicals that improve poultry productivity by modulating intestinal health and reducing the negative impacts of numerous pathogenic bacteria. This review also describes the efficacy, negative effects, and modes of action of some common herbal plants applied in poultry as alternatives to reduce the use of antibiotics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abd El-Hack ME, Abdelnour SA, Taha AE, Khafaga AF, Arif M, Ayasan T, Swelum AA, Abukhalil MH, Alkahtani S, Aleya L (2020) Herbs as thermoregulatory agents in poultry: an overview. Sci Total Environ 703:134399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abd El-Hack ME, Alaidaroos BA, Farsi RM, Abou-Kassem DE, El-Saadony MT, Saad AM, Shafi ME, Albaqami NM, Taha AE, Ashour EA (2021) Impacts of supplementing broiler diets with biological curcumin, zinc nanoparticles and Bacillus licheniformis on growth, carcass traits, blood indices, meat quality and cecal microbial load. Animals 11:1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11071878

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Swelum AA, Arif M, Abo Ghanima MM, Shukry M, Noreldin A, Taha AE, El-Tarabily KA (2021) Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability. J Sci Food Agric 101:5747–5762. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abd El-Latif AS, Saleh NS, Allam TS, Ghazy EW (2013) The effects of rosemary (Rosemarinus afficinalis) and garlic (Allium sativum) essential oils on performance, hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of broiler chickens. Brit J Poult Sci 2:16–24. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.bjps.2013.2.2.74145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abdelkhalek NK, Hassan AM (2015) Antagonistic activity of dietary allicin against deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage in freshwater Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 111:146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abdel-Rahman HG, Dessouki AA, El-Far AH, Khodeer DM, Bin-Jumah M, Alhader MS, Alkahtani S, Aleya L (2020) Impact of garlic (Allium sativum) oil on cisplatin-induced hepatorenal biochemical and histopathological alterations in rats. Sci Total Environ 710:136338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abushouk AI, Bungău SG, Bin-Jumah M, El-Kott AF, Shati AA, Aleya L, Alkahtani S (2020) Protective effects of thymoquinone and diallyl sulphide against malathion-induced toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:10228–10235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07580-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abushouk AI, Donia T, Alarifi S, Alkahtani S, Aleya L, Bungau SG (2019) The nephroprotective effects of allicin and ascorbic acid against cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:13502–13509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04780-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, El-Bialy BE, Rahman HGA, Radi AM, Hefny HA, Hassan AM (2016) Antagonistic effects of Spirulina platensis against sub-acute deltamethrin toxicity in mice: biochemical and histopathological studies. Biomed Pharmacother 77:79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2015.12.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, El-Ela FIA, Alshahrani FK, Bin-Jumah M, Al-Zharani M, Almutairi B, Alyousif MS, Bungau S, Aleya L, Alkahtani S (2020) Protective effects of thymoquinone against acrylamide-induced liver, kidney and brain oxidative damage in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:37709–37717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09516-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Kilany OE, Khalifa HA, Ahmed AA (2017) Allicin ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 80:745–753. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-017-3413-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Sayed AA, Abdeen A, Aleya L, Ali D, Alkahtane AA, Alarifi S, Alkahtani S (2019) Piperine enhances the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of thymoquinone against microcystin-LR-induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity in mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1309175

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Shaheen HM, Abushouk AI, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS, Alansari WS, Aleya L, Bungau S (2018) Thymoquinone and diallyl sulfide protect against fipronil-induced oxidative injury in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:23909–23916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2386-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Latif MA, Elbestawy AR, El-Far AH, Noreldin AE, Emam M, Baty RS, Albadrani GM, Abdel-Daim MM, Abd El-Hamid SH (2021) Quercetin dietary supplementation advances growth performance, gut microbiota, and intestinal mRNA expression genes in broiler chickens. Animals 11:2302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Wareth AA, Kehraus S, Südekum K-H (2019) Peppermint and its respective active component in diets of broiler chickens: growth performance, viability, economics, meat physicochemical properties, and carcass characteristics. Poult Sci 98:3850–3859. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez099

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abo Ghanima MM, Abd El-Hack M, Taha AE, Tufarelli V, Laudadio V, Naiel MAE (2020) Assessment of stocking rate and housing system on performance, carcass traits, blood indices, and meat quality of French pekin ducks. Agriculture 10:273. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10070273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abo Ghanima MM, Abd El-Hack ME, Abougabal MS, Taha AE, Tufarelli V, Laudadio V, Naiel MAE (2020) Growth, carcass traits, immunity and oxidative status of broilers exposed to continuous or intermittent lighting programs. Anim Biosci 34:1243–1252. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.20.0328

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abo Ghanima MM, Swelum AA, Shukry M, Ibrahim SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khafaga AF, Alhimaidi AR, Ammari AA, El-Tarabily KA, Younis MM (2021) Impacts of tea tree or lemongrass essential oils supplementation on growth, immunity, carcass traits, and blood biochemical parameters of broilers reared under different stocking densities. Poult Sci 100:101443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101443

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abou-Elkhair R, Abdo Basha H, Abd El Naby W, Ajarem JS, Maodaa SN, Allam AA, Naiel MAE (2020) Effect of a diet supplemented with the Moringa oleifera seed powder on the performance, egg quality, and gene expression in japanese laying quail under heat-stress. Animals 10:809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abou-Kassem DE, Mahrose KM, El-Samahy RA, Shafi ME, El-Saadony MT, Abd El-Hack ME, Emam M, El-Sharnouby M, Taha AE, Ashour EA (2021) Influences of dietary herbal blend and feed restriction on growth, carcass characteristics and gut microbiota of growing rabbits. Ital J Anim Sci 20:896–910. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1926348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akagi A, Sano N, Uehara H, Minami T, Otsuka H, Izumi K (1998) Non-carcinogenicity of capsaicinoids in B6C3F1 mice. Food & Chem Toxicol 36:1065–107.1. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00077-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Farag MR, Shaheen HM, Abdel-Latif MA, Noreldin AE, Patra AK (2018) The usefulness of oregano and its derivatives in poultry nutrition. Worlds Poult Sci J 74:463–474. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933918000454

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Mohamed E, Al-Sagheer AA, Naiel MAE, Saadeldin IM, Swelum AA (2018) Dietary cold pressed watercress and coconut oil mixture enhances growth performance, intestinal microbiota, antioxidant status, and immunity of growing rabbits. Animals 8:212. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8110212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alam R, Fawzi EM, Alkhalf MI, Alansari WS, Aleya L, Abdel-Daim MM (2018) Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities of allicin, norfloxacin, or their combination against Pasteurella multocida infection in male New Zealand rabbits. Oxid Med Cell 1780956. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1780956

  • Al-Beitawi NA, El-Ghousein SS (2016) The use of Nigella sativa, Pimpenella anisum and Thymus vulgaris mixture in female broiler rations. Eur J Med Plants 11:1–10. https://doi.org/10.9734/EJMP/2016/20687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Gabri NA, Saghir SA, Al-Hashedi SA, El-Far AH, Khafaga AF, Swelum AA, Al-Wajeeh AS, Mousa SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Naiel MAE, El-Tarabily KA (2021) Therapeutic potential of thymoquinone and its nanoformulations in pulmonary injury: a comprehensive review. Int J Nanomed 16:5117–5131. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S314321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Hothaify S, Al-Sanabani M (2016) The effects of supplementation Nigella sativa seeds as a natural substance on growth rate, some serum indices, carcass quality and antibody titers of broiler birds. Am J Res Commun 4:43–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Kaisse GA, Khalel EK (2011) The potency of chamomile flowers (Matericaria chamomilla L.) as feed supplements (growth promoters) on productive performance and hematological parameters constituents of broiler. Int J Poult Sci 10:726–729. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2011.726.729

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alpar B, Günay H, Geurtsen W, Leyhausen G (1999) Cytocompatibility of periodontal dressing materials in fibroblast and primary human osteoblast-like cultures. Clin Oral Investig 3:41–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007840050077

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Sagheer AA, Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Naiel MAE, Mahgoub SA, Badr MM, Hussein EO, Alowaimer AN, Swelum AA (2019) Paulownia leaves as a new feed resource: chemical composition and effects on growth, carcasses, digestibility, blood biochemistry, and intestinal bacterial populations of growing rabbits. Animals 9:95. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9030095

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amad A, Männer K, Wendler K, Neumann K, Zentek J (2011) Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 90:2811–2816. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aminzade B, Karami B, Lotfi E (2012) Growth response and carcass characteristics of Japanese quail to Mentha piperita plant supplementation. Ani Biol Ani Husb 4:24–27

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arif M, Iram A, Bhutta MA, Naiel MAE, Abd El-Hack ME, Othman SI, Allam AA, Amer MS, Taha AE (2020) The biodegradation role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against harmful effects of mycotoxin contaminated diets on broiler performance, immunity status, and carcass characteristics. Animals 10:238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arquús J, Rodríguez E, Gaya P, Medina M, Nuñez M (2005) Effect of combinations of high-pressure treatment and bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria on the survival of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk cheese. Int Dairy J 15:893–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2004.07.020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashour EA, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum AA, Osman AO, Taha AE, Alhimaidi AR, Ismail IE (2020) Does the dietary graded levels of herbal mixture powder impacts growth, carcass traits, blood indices and meat quality of the broilers? Ital J Anim Sci 19:1228–1237. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2020.1825998

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atta MS, El-Far AH, Farrag FA, Abdel-Daim MM, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA (2018) Thymoquinone attenuates cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018:7845681. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7845681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Attia FM (2018) The influence of supplementing chamomile and turmeric powder on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens. Egypt Poult Sci J 38:451–463

    Google Scholar 

  • Avallone R, Zanoli P, Puia G, Kleinschnitz M, Schreier P, Baraldi M (2000) Pharmacological profile of apigenin, a flavonoid isolated from Matricaria chamomilla. Biochem Pharmacol 59:1387–1394. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00264-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Avula B, Wang Y-H, Wang M, Avonto C, Zhao J, Smillie TJ, Rua D, Khan IA (2014) Quantitative determination of phenolic compounds by UHPLC-UV–MS and use of partial least-square discriminant analysis to differentiate chemo-types of Chamomile/Chrysanthemum flower heads. J Pharmac Biomed Analysis 88:278–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2013.08.037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aydin R, Karaman M, Cicek T, Yardibi H (2008) Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) supplementation into the diet of the laying hen positively influences egg yield parameters, shell quality, and decreases egg cholesterol. Poult Sci 87:2590–2595. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-0009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azeem T, Umar S, Asif M, Arif M, Rahman A (2014) Effect of Nigella sativa on poultry health and production: a review. Sci Lett 2:76–82

  • Babaeian M, Naseri M, Kamalinejad M, Ghaffari F, Emadi F, Feizi A, Yekta NH, Adibi P (2015) Herbal remedies for functional dyspepsia and traditional Iranian medicine perspective. Iran Red Crescent Med J 17:e20741. https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.20741

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barakat D, El-Far A, Sadek K, Mahrous U, Ellakany H, Abdel-Latif M (2016) Anise (Pimpinella anisum) enhances the growth performance, immunity and antioxidant activities in broilers. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 37:134–140

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baratta MT, Dorman HD, Deans SG, Biondi DM, Ruberto G (1998) Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of laurel, sage, rosemary, oregano and coriander essential oils. J Essent Oil Res 10:618–627. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700989

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barbour E, Bragg R, Karrouf G, Iyer A, Azhar E, Harakeh S, Kumosani T (2015) Corrigendum: control of eight predominant Eimeria spp. involved in economic coccidiosis of broiler chicken by a chemically characterized essential oil. J Appl Microbiol 119:1454–1454. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12949

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barreto M, Menten J, Racanicci A, Pereira P, Rizzo P (2008) Plant extracts used as growth promoters in broilers. Braz J Poult Sci 10:109–115. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2008000200006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira IC (2010) The nutritional composition of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): shoots, leaves, stems and inflorescences. LWT Food Sci Technol 43:814–818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.01.010

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basmacioğlu MH, Baysal Ş, Misirlioğlu Z, Polat M, Yilmaz H, Turan N (2010) Effects of oregano essential oil with or without feed enzymes on growth performance, digestive enzyme, nutrient digestibility, lipid metabolism and immune response of broilers fed on wheat–soybean meal diets. Brit Poult Sci 51:67–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660903573702

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bedford M (2000) Removal of antibiotic growth promoters from poultry diets: implications and strategies to minimise subsequent problems. World’s Poult Sci J 56:347–365. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20000024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloem E, Haneklaus S, Schnug E (2010) Influence of fertilizer practices on S-containing metabolites in garlic (Allium sativum L.) under field conditions. J Agric Food Chem 58:10690–10696. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102009j

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bölükbaşi S, Kaynar Ö, Erhan MK, Ürüþan H (2009) Effect of feeding Nigella sativa oil on laying hen performance, cholesterol and some proteins ratio of egg yolk and Escherichia coli count in feces. Arch Poult Sci 73:167–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Bombik T, Bombik E, Bis-Wencel H, Saba L (2002) The effect of a herb extract on the level of selected macroelements in blood serum of calves. Sci Ann Ani Sci 29:155–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Borrelli F, Capasso R, Izzo AA (2007) Garlic (Allium sativum L.): adverse effects and drug interactions in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 51:1386–1397. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200700072

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boruta A, Niemiec J, Marcin L (2005) The effect of borage seeds in hens diet on fatty acids composition in egg yolk. In: Proceedings of the XVII European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat and XI European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products. Golden Tulip Parkhotel. Doorwerth, Netherlands, 23-26 May 2005. pp. 368-372

  • Botsoglou N, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, Fletouris D, Spais A (2002) Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on performance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues. Br Poult Sci 43:223–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120121436

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budzinski J, Foster B, Vandenhoek S, Arnason J (2000) An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 7:273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80044-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabuk M, Alcicek A, Bozkurt M, Imre N (2003) Antimicrobial properties of the essential oils isolated from aromatic plants and using possibility as alternative feed additives. Natl Anim Nutr Congress 18:184–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Cakir A, Kordali S, Zengin H, Izumi S, Hirata T (2004) Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils isolated from Hypericum hyssopifolium and Hypericum heterophyllum. Flavour Fragr J 19:62–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cetin E, Yibar A, Yesilbag D, Cetin I, Cengiz S (2016) The effect of volatile oil mixtures on the performance and ilio-caecal microflora of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 57:780–787. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2016.1214682

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conforti F, Sosa S, Marrelli M, Menichini F, Statti GA, Uzunov D, Tubaro A, Menichini F (2009) The protective ability of Mediterranean dietary plants against the oxidative damage: the role of radical oxygen species in inflammation and the polyphenol, flavonoid and sterol contents. Food Chem 112:587–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.06.013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coupland K (2008) Stearidonic acid: a plant produced omega-3 PUFA and a potential alternative for marine oil fatty acids. Lipid Technol 20:152–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/lite.200800045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross D, McDevitt R, Hillman K, Acamovic T (2007) The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. Br Poult Sci 48:496–506. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660701463221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross DE, McDevitt R, Acamovic T (2011) Herbs, thyme essential oil and condensed tannin extracts as dietary supplements for broilers, and their effects on performance, digestibility, volatile fatty acids and organoleptic properties. Br Poult Sci 52:227–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2011.559454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dada R, Toghyani M, Tabeidian SA (2015) The effect of chamomile flower (Matricaria chamomilla L.) extract and powder as growth promoter on growth performance and digestive organs of broiler chickens. Res Opin Anim Vet Sci 5:290–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehghani F, Panjehshahin M, Mirzaee Z, Mehrabani D (2005) Effect of Foeniculum vulgare organic extract on blood sex hormones and reproductive tissues of male rats. J Appl Anim Res 27:17–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2005.9706529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diao W-R, Hu Q-P, Zhang H, Xu J-G (2014) Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of essential oil from seeds of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Food Cont 35:109–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.06.056

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Díaz-Maroto MC, Pérez-Coello MS, Esteban J, Sanz J (2006) Comparison of the volatile composition of wild fennel samples (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) from Central Spain. J Agric Food Chem 54:6814–6818. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0609532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dosoky WM, Zeweil HS, Ahmed MH, Zahran SM, Shaalan MM, Abdelsalam NR, Abdel-Moneim AE, Taha AE, El-Tarabily KA, Abd El-Hack ME (2021) Impacts of onion and cinnamon supplementation as natural additives on the performance, egg quality and immunity in laying Japanese quail. Poult Sci 100:101482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dougnon T, Kiki P, Dougnon T, Youssao I (2014) Evaluation of Capsicum frutescens powder effects on the growth performances, biochemical and hematological parameters in Hubbard broiler. J App Pharm Sci 4:38–43. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2014.40107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du W, Sun C, Liang Z, Han Y, Yu J (2012) Antibacterial activity of hypocrellin A against Staphylococcus aureus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28:3151–3157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1125-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durmic Z, Blache D (2012) Bioactive plants and plant products: effects on animal function, health and welfare. Anim feed Sci Technol 176:150–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.07.018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eddouks M, Jouad H, Maghrani M, Lemhadri A, Burcelin R (2003) Inhibition of endogenous glucose production accounts for hypoglycemic effect of Spergularia purpurea in streptozotocin mice. Phytomedicine 10:594–599. https://doi.org/10.1078/094471103322331890

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El Deek A, Attia Y, Hannfy MM (2003) Effect of anise (Pimpinella anisum), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and their mixture on performance of broilers. Arch Poult Sci 67:92–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Elagib H, El-Amin W, Elamin K, Malik H (2013) Effect of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation as feed additive on broiler performance and blood profile. J Ani Sci Adv 3:58–64. https://doi.org/10.5455/jasa.20130219104029

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Demerdash FM, El-Sayed RA, Abdel-Daim MM (2021) Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil modulates renal toxicity and oxidative stress induced by potassium dichromate in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 67:126791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126791

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Demerdash FM, El-Sayed RA, Abdel-Daim MM (2021) Hepatoprotective potential of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil against hexavalent chromium-induced hematotoxicity, biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical changes in male rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:17445–17456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12126-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elnaggar AS (2016) Productive, physiological and immunological effect rosemary leaves meal (Rosemarinus officinalis) supplementing to broiler diet. Egypt Poult Sci J 36:859-573 https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2016.168814

  • El-Shall NA, Awad AM, Abd El-Hack ME, Naiel MAE, Othman SI, Allam AA, Sedeik ME (2020) The simultaneous administration of a probiotic or prebiotic with live Salmonella vaccine improves growth performance and reduces fecal shedding of the bacterium in Salmonella-challenged broilers. Animals 10:70. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Shall NA, Abd El-Hack ME, Albaqami NM, Khafaga AF, Taha AE, Swelum AA, El-Saadony MT, Salem HM, El-Tahan AM, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA, Elbestawy AR (2021) Phytochemical control of poultry coccidiosis: a review. Poult Sci 101542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101542

  • El-Shobaki F, Saleh Z, Saleh N (1990) The effect of some beverage extracts on intestinal iron absorption. J Nutr Sci 29:264–269. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02023083

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eltazi SM (2014) Effect of using ginger powder as natural feed additive on performance and carcass quality of broiler chicks. Assiut Vet Med J 60:87–94. https://doi.org/10.21608/avmj.2014.170756

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esmaeilzadeh M, Moradi B (2017) Medicinal herbs with side effects during pregnancy-an evidence-based review article. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 20:9–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Faixova Z, Faix S (2008) Biological effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil (a review). Folia Vet 52:135–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Federici E, Multari G, Gallo FR, Palazzino G (2005) Herbal drugs: from traditional use to regulation. Ann Ist Super Sanita 41:49–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Fidler P, Loprinzi CL, O’Fallon JR, Leitch JM, Lee JK, Hayes DL, Novotny P, Clemens-Schutjer D, Bartel J, Michalak JC (1996) Prospective evaluation of a chamomile mouthwash for prevention of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis. Cancer 77:522–525. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19960201)77:3%3c522::AID-CNCR14%3e3.0.CO;2-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flores K, Fahrenholz A, Grimes J (2020) Effect of feed form, soybean meal protein content, and rovabio advance on poultry live performance to 3 wk of age. Poult Sci 99:6705–6714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franciosini MP, Casagrande-Proietti P, Forte C, Beghelli D, Acuti G, Zanichelli D, Bosco A, Castellini C, Trabalza-Marinucci M (2016) Effects of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) aqueous extracts on broiler performance, immune function and intestinal microbial population. J Appl Anim Res 44:474–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2015.1091322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franz C, Bauer R, Carle R, Tedesco D, Tubaro A, Zitterl-Eglseer K (2007) Study on the assessment of plants/herbs, plant/herb extracts and their naturally or synthetically produced components as ‘additives’ for use in animal production. EFSA Support Publ 4:1–4. https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2007.ZN-001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gharaghani H, Shariatmadari F, Torshizi M (2015) Effect of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) used as a feed additive on the egg quality of laying hens under heat stress. Braz J Poult Sci 17:199–208. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-635x1702199-208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghazalah A, El-Hakim A, Refaie A (2007) Response of broiler chicks to some dietary growth promoters throughout different growth period. Egypt Poult Sci J 27:53–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazi S, Amjadian T, Norouzi S (2015) Single and combined effects of vitamin C and oregano essential oil in diet, on growth performance, and blood parameters of broiler chicks reared under heat stress condition. Int J Biometeorol 59:1019–1024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-014-0915-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giannenas I, Florou-Paneri P, Papazahariadou M, Christaki E, Botsoglou N, Spais A (2003) Effect of dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil on performance of broilers after experimental infection with Eimeria tenella. Arch Tierernahr 57:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/0003942031000107299

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gole M, Manwar S, Kuralkar S, Kawitkar S, Waghmare S, Chaudhary S, Hajare S (2018) Studies on supplementation of peppermint essential oil and organic acids on performance and gut health of broilers. J Entomol Zool Stud 6:453–459

    Google Scholar 

  • Grubben GJ, Tindall H, Williams JT (1977) Tropical vegetables and their genetic resources. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources IBPGR, Rome, pp 197

  • Grzes M, Sadkowski S, Rzewuska K, Szydlowski M, Switonski M (2016) Pig fatness in relation to FASN and INSIG2 genes polymorphism and their transcript level. Mol Biol Rep 43:381–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-016-3969-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guler T, Ertas ON, Kizil M, Dalkilic B, Ciftci M (2007) Effect of dietary supplemental black cumin seeds on antioxidant activity in broilers. Medycyna Weter 63:1060–1063

    Google Scholar 

  • Han F, Ma G-q, Yang M, Yan L, Xiong W, Shu J-c, Zhao Z-d, Xu H-l (2017) Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of essential oils from different parts of the oregano. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol) 18:79–84. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1600377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashem KS, Abdelazem AZ, Mohammed MA, Nagi AM, Aboulhoda BE, Mohammed ET, Abdel-Daim MM (2021) Thymoquinone alleviates mitochondrial viability and apoptosis in diclofenac-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) via regulating Mfn2 and miR-34a mRNA expressions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:10100–10113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11313-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hausner M, Wuertz S (1999) High rates of conjugation in bacterial biofilms as determined by quantitative in situ analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3710–3713. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.8.3710-3713.1999

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hensten-Pettersen A, Brstavik D, Wennberg A (1985) Allergenic potential of root canal sealers. Endod Dental Traumatol 1:61–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1985.tb00562.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD (2004) Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci 83:169–174. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.2.169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horton GMJ, Fennell MJ, Prasad BM (1991) Effect of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) on performance, carcass composition and blood chemistry changes in broiler chickens. Can J Anim Sci 71:939–942. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas91-113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussein EOS, Ahmed SH, Abudabos AM, Aljumaah MR, Alkhlulaifi MM, Nassan MA, Suliman GM, Naiel MAE, Swelum AA (2020) Effect of antibiotic, phytobiotic and probiotic supplementation on growth, blood indices and intestine health in broiler chicks challenged with Clostridium perfringens. Animals 10:507. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim SAM, El-Ghamry AA, El-Allawy HMH, Ali FAF, Magrabi N (2014) The effect of chamomile flower as feed additive on fat deposition in certain subcutaneous tissues, carcass quality and growth performance in Pekin duck. Glob Vet 13:767–773. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.13.05.86155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ijaz H, Tulain UR, Qureshi J, Danish Z, Musayab S, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Khan KA, Zaman M, Waheed I, Khan I, Abdel-Daim M (2017) Nigella sativa (Prophetic Medicine): a review. Pak J Pharm Sci 30:229–234

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Issa KJ, Omar JA (2012) Effect of garlic powder on performance and lipid profile of broilers. Open J Anim Sci 2:62–68. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2012.22010

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jakubcova Z, Zeman L, Mares P, Mlcek J, Jurikova T, Dostalova L, Mrazkova E, Mrkvicova E, Balla S, Sochor J (2014) Effect of chamomile supplements to feeding doses on antimicrobial parameters in poultry. Potr S J F Sci 8:228–232. https://doi.org/10.5219/383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jamroz D, Orda J, Kamel C, Wiliczkiewicz A, Wertelecki T, Skorupinska J (2003) The influence of phytogenic extracts on performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics, and gut microbial status in broiler chickens. J Anim Feed Sci 12:583-596 https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/67752/2003

  • Kadri A, Zarai Z, Chobba IB, Békir A, Gharsallah N, Damak M, Gdoura R (2011) Chemical constituents and antioxidant properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil cultivated from the South-Western of Tunisia. J Med Plants Res 5:6502–6508. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR11.423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karłowicz-Bodalska K, Bodalski T (2007) Unsaturated fatty acids, their biological properties and importance in medicine. Adv Physiother 1:46–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Keifer D, Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Basch E, Giese N, Giles M, Kirkwood CD, Miranda M, Woods J (2008) Peppermint (Mentha xpiperita) an evidence-based systematic review by the natural standard research collaboration. J Herbal Pharmaco 7:91–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/J157v07n02_07

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khafaga AF, Naiel MAE, Dawood MAO, Abdel-Latif HMR (2020) Dietary Origanum vulgare essential oil attenuates cypermethrin-induced biochemical changes, oxidative stress, histopathological alterations, apoptosis, and reduces DNA damage in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquatic Toxicol 228:105624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105624

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan IA, Abourashed EA (2011) Leung’s encyclopedia of common natural ingredients: used in food, drugs and cosmetics, 3rd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey

  • Khattak F, Ronchi A, Castelli P, Sparks N (2014) Effects of natural blend of essential oil on growth performance, blood biochemistry, cecal morphology, and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 93:132–137. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03387

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khazaei R, Esmailzadeh L, Seidavi A, Simões J (2017) Comparison between rosemary and commercial antioxidant blend on performance, caecal coliform flora and immunity in broiler chickens fed with diets containing different levels of poultry fat. J Appl Anim Res 45:263–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2016.1174125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim WH, Lillehoj HS (2019) Immunity, immunomodulation, and antibiotic alternatives to maximize the genetic potential of poultry for growth and disease response. Anim Feed Sci Technol 250:41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.09.016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kligler B, Chaudary S (2007) Peppermint oil. Am Fam Physician 75:1027–1030

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwiecieñ M, Winiarska-Mieczan A (2009) Effect of addition of herbs on body weight and assessment of physical and chemical alterations in the tibia bones of broiler chickens. J Elementol 14:705–715

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC (2003) Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 44:450–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166031000085508

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HY, Ivarsson E, Jönsson L, Holm L, Lundh T, Lindberg JE (2011) Growth performance, digestibility, and gut development of broiler chickens on diets with inclusion of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Poult Sci 90:815–823. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loetscher Y, Kreuzer M, Messikommer RE (2013) Oxidative stability of the meat of broilers supplemented with rosemary leaves, rosehip fruits, chokeberry pomace, and entire nettle, and effects on performance and meat quality. Poult Sci 92:2938–2948. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lokaewmanee K, Yamauchi K, Okuda N (2013) Effects of dietary red pepper on egg yolk colour and histological intestinal morphology in laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 97:986–995. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12011

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mansoub NH (2011) Comparative effects of using garlic as probiotic on performance and serum composition of broiler chickens. Ann Biol Res 2:486–490

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marino M, Bersani C, Comi G (2001) Impedance measurements to study the antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Lamiaceae and Compositae. Int J Food Microbiol 67:187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1605(01)00447-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathlouthi N, Bouzaienne T, Oueslati I, Recoquillay F, Hamdi M, Urdaci M, Bergaoui R (2012) Use of rosemary, oregano, and a commercial blend of essential oils in broiler chickens: in vitro antimicrobial activities and effects on growth performance. J Anim Sci 90:813–823. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3646

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mehri M, Sabaghi V, Bagherzadeh-Kasmani F (2015) Mentha piperita (peppermint) in growing Japanese quails diet: performance, carcass attributes, morphology and microbial populations of intestine. Anim Feed Sci Technol 207:104–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mikaili P, Maadirad S, Moloudizargari M, Aghajanshakeri S, Sarahroodi S (2013) Therapeutic uses and pharmacological properties of garlic, shallot, and their biologically active compounds. Iran J Basic Med Sci 16:1031–1048

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miladi H, Slama RB, Mili D, Zouari S, Bakhrouf A, Ammar E (2013) Essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L.: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties and antibacterial activities against foodborne pathogens. Nat Sci 6:729–739. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2013.56090

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Millqvist E, Ternesten-Hasséus E, Bende M (2013) Inhalation of menthol reduces capsaicin cough sensitivity and influences inspiratory flows in chronic cough. Resp Med 107:433–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.11.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mintah SO, Asafo-Agyei T, Archer MA, Junior PA, Boamah D, Kumadoh D, Appiah A, Ocloo A, Boakye YD, Agyare C (2019) Medicinal plants for treatment of prevalent diseases. In: Perveen S, Al-Taweel A (eds) Pharmacognosy - Medicinal Plants. IntechOpen, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82049

  • Mohamed SH, Attia AI, Reda FM, Abd El-Hack ME, Ismail IE (2021) Impacts of dietary supplementation of Boswellia serrata on growth, nutrients digestibility, immunity, antioxidant status, carcass traits and caecum microbiota of broilers. Ital J Anim Sci 20:205–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1875336

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammed AA, Abbas RJ (2009) The effect of using fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare L.) on productive performance of broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci 8:642–644. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2009.642.644

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morbidoni L, Arterburn JM, Young V, Mullins D, Mulrow C, Lawrence V (2001) Garlic: its history and adverse effects. J Herb Pharmacother 1:63–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/J157v01n01_06

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller K, Blum NM, Kluge H, Mueller AS (2012) Influence of broccoli extract and various essential oils on performance and expression of xenobiotic-and antioxidant enzymes in broiler chickens. Br J Nutr 108:588–602. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511005873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nabavi SM, Marchese A, Izadi M, Curti V, Daglia M, Nabavi SF (2015) Plants belonging to the genus Thymus as antibacterial agents: from farm to pharmacy. Food Chem 173:339–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.042

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naiel MA, Ismael NE, Shehata SA (2019) Ameliorative effect of diets supplemented with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on aflatoxin B1 toxicity in terms of the performance, liver histopathology, immunity and antioxidant activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture 511:734264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, De Martino L, Coppola R, De Feo V (2013) Effect of essential oils on pathogenic bacteria. Pharmaceuticals 6:1451–1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph6121451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Normanno G, Firinu A, Virgilio S, Mula G, Dambrosio A, Poggiu A, Decastelli L, Mioni R, Scuota S, Bolzoni G, Di Giannatale E, Salinetti AP, La Salandra G, Bartoli M, Zuccon F, Pirino T, Sias S, Parisi A, Quaglia NC, Celano GV (2005) Coagulase-positive staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in food products marketed in Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 98:73–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.05.008

  • Norouzi B, Qotbi AAA, Seidavi A, Schiavone A, Marín ALM (2015) Effect of different dietary levels of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and yarrow (Achillea millefolium) on the growth performance, carcass traits and ileal micro-biota of broilers. Ital J Anim Sci 14:3930. https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.3930

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nowack R, Nowak B (2005) Herbal teas interfere with cyclosporin levels in renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20:2554–2556. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfi003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunez M, Rodriguez J, Garcia E, Gaya P, Medina M (1997) Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by enterocin 4 during the manufacture andripening of Manchego cheese. J Appl Microbiol 83:671–677. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00275.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ocak N, Erener G, BurakAk F, Sungu M, Altop A, Ozmen A (2008) Performance of broilers fed diets supplemented with dry peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) or thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves as growth promoter source. Czech J Anim Sci 53:169–175. https://doi.org/10.17221/373-CJAS

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogunlesi OO, Oladele OA, Aina OO, Esan OO (2017) Effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) meal on skin thickness and fat deposition in commercial broiler chickens. Bulg J Vet Med 20:118–124. https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oguntunji A, Alabi O (2010) Influence of high environmental temperature on egg production and shell quality: a review. World’s Poult Sci J 66:739–750. https://doi.org/10.1017/S004393391000070X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira N, Gonçalves B, Lee S, Oliveira C, Corassin C (2020) Use of antibiotics in animal production and its impact on human health. J Food Chem Nanotechnol 6:40–47. https://doi.org/10.17756/jfcn.2020-082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Omar JA, Hejazi A, Badran R (2016) Performance of broilers supplemented with natural herb extract. Open J Anim Sci 6:68–74. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2016.61009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park B-S (2011) Effects of pitamin on growth performance, carcass characteristics and cecal microflora of broiler chicken. J Environ Biol 32:585–590

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pickersgill B (1997) Genetic resources and breeding of Capsicum spp. Euphytica 96:129–133. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002913228101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pieszak M, Mikolajczak PL, Manikowska K (2012) Borage (Borago officinalis L.)-a valuable medicinal plant used in herbal medicine. Herba Pol 58:95–103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pistova V, Arpášová H, Hrnčár C (2016) The effect of the humic acid and garlic (Allium sativum L.) on performance parameters and carcass characteristic of broiler chicken. J Cent Eur Agric 17:1168–1178. https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/17.4.1826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Platel K, Srinivasan K (1997) Plant foods in the management of diabetes mellitus: vegetables as potential hypoglycaemic agents. Nahrung 41:68–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/food.19970410203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poursina B, Roudi P, Sedghi M, Taibipour A (2016) Effect of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and chicory (Chicorium intybus L.) on performance and intestine morphology of broilers. Iran J Med Arom Plants 31:1035–1046

    Google Scholar 

  • Puvača N, Kostadinović L, Ljubojević D, Lukač D, Lević J, Popović S, Novakov N, Vidović B, Đuragić O (2015) Effect of garlic, black pepper and hot red pepper on productive performances and blood lipid profile of broiler chickens. Eur Poult Sci 79:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2015.73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu J, Li H, Su H, Dong J, Luo M, Wang J, Leng B, Deng Y, Liu J, Deng X (2012) Chemical composition of fennel essential oil and its impact on Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28:1399–1405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0939-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raal A, Orav A, Püssa T, Valner C, Malmiste B, Arak E (2012) Content of essential oil, terpenoids and polyphenols in commercial chamomile (Chamomilla recutita L. Rauschert) teas from different countries. Food Chem 131:632–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.042

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi R, Ardekani MRS (2013) Medicinal properties of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. in traditional Iranian medicine and modern phytotherapy. Chin J Integr Med 19:73–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-013-1327-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Yadegarinia D, Gachkar L, Allameh A, Rezaei MB (2008) Antimycotoxigenic characteristics of Rosmarinus officinalis and Trachyspermum copticum L. essential oils. Int J Food Microbiol 122:135–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.11.048

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raza S, Naqvi S, Abdelnour SA, Schreurs N, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Khan I, Shater AF, Abd El-Hack ME, Khafaga AF, Quan G, Khan R, Wang S, Cheng G, Zan L (2021) Beneficial effects and health benefits of astaxanthin molecules on animal production: a review. Res Vet Sci 138:69–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.05.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees WD, Evans BK, Rhodes J (1979) Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. Br Med J 2:835–836. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6194.835

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reyer H, Zentek Jr, Männer K, Youssef IM, Aumiller T, Weghuber J, Wimmers K, Mueller AS (2017) Possible molecular mechanisms by which an essential oil blend from star anise, rosemary, thyme, and oregano and saponins increase the performance and ileal protein digestibility of growing broilers. J Agric Food Chem 65:6821–6830. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01925

  • Roby MHH, Sarhan MA, Selim KA-H, Khalel KI (2013) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Ind Crops Prod 44:437–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.10.012

  • Rostami H, Seidavi A, Dadashbeiki M, Asadpour Y, Simões J, Shah AA, Laudadio V, Losacco C, Perillo A, Tufarelli V (2018) Supplementing dietary rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) powder and vitamin E in broiler chickens: evaluation of humoral immune response, lymphoid organs, and blood proteins. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:8836–8842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1209-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sadeghpour N, Khaki AA, Najafpour A, Dolatkhah H, Montaseri A (2015) Study of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) seed extract effects on serum level of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin in mouse. Crescent J Med Biol Sci 2:23–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Saeed M, Naveed M, Leskovec J, Ali Kamboh A, Kakar I, Ullah K, Ahmad F, Sharif M, Javaid A, Rauf M, Abd El-Hack ME, Abdel-Latif MA, Chao S (2020) Using Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) as an eco-friendly feed supplement in human and poultry nutrition. Poult Sci 99:801–811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.051

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salamon I (1992) Chamomile: a medicinal plant. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 10:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Sallam KI, Ishioroshi M, Samejima K (2004) Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of garlic in chicken sausage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 37:849–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2004.04.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarrami N, Pemberton MN, Thornhill MH, Theaker ED (2002) Adverse reactions associated with the use of eugenol in dentistry. Br Dent J 193:257–259. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4801539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarris J, Camfield D, Berk M (2012) Complementary medicine, self-help, and lifestyle interventions for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and the OCD spectrum: a systematic review. J Affect Disord 138:213–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.051

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schöne F, Vetter A, Hartung H, Bergmann H, Biertümpfel A, Richter G, Müller S, Breitschuh G (2006) Effects of essential oils from fennel (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway (Carvi aetheroleum) in pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 90:500–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2006.00632.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seidavi A, Azizi M, Swelum AA, Abd El-Hack ME, Naiel MAE (2021) Practical application of some common agro-processing wastes in poultry diets. Worlds Poult Sci J 77:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2021.1960461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seidavi A, Tavakoli M, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Hashem NM, Asroush F, Taha AE, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum AA (2021) The use of some plant-derived products as effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in organic poultry production: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:47856–47868. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15460-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahat AA, Ibrahim AY, Hendawy SF, Omer EA, Hammouda FM, Abdel-Rahman FH, Saleh MA (2011) Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils from organically cultivated fennel cultivars. Molecules 16:1366–1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16021366

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shen M, Xie Z, Jia M, Li A, Han H, Wang T, Zhang L (2019) Effect of bamboo leaf extract on antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broiler chickens. Animals 9:699. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090699

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheoran N, Kumar R, Kumar A, Batra K, Sihag S, Maan S, Maan N (2017) Nutrigenomic evaluation of garlic (Allium sativum) and holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance and immune characteristics in broilers. Vet World 10:121–129. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.121-129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh O, Khanam Z, Misra N, Srivastava MK (2011) Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): an overview. Pharmacogn Rev 5:82–95. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.79103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Shushni MA, Belkheir A (2015) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Mentha piperita L. Arab J Chem 8:322–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.01.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spinella M (2001) Herbal medicines and epilepsy: the potential for benefit and adverse effects. Epilepsy Behav 2:524–532. https://doi.org/10.1006/ebeh.2001.0281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan K (2013) Biological activities of pepper alkaloids. In: Ramawat K, Mérillon JM (eds) Natural Product. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 1397–1437

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S (2010) Chamomile: a herbal medicine of the past with a bright future. Mol Med Rep 3:895–901. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2010.377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suliman GM, Alowaimer AN, Al-Mufarrej SI, Hussein EO, Fazea EH, Naiel MAE, Alhotan RA, Swelum AA (2021) The effects of clove seed (Syzygium aromaticum) dietary administration on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and sensory attributes of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 100:100904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Ockerman H, Marriott N (2000) Garlic in Chinese sausage 1. J Muscle Foods 11:35–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2000.tb00413.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szőke É, Lemberkovics É, Kursinszki L (2013) Alkaloids derived from lysine: piperidine alkaloids. In: Ramawat K, Mérillon JM (eds) Natural Products. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 303–341

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira B, Marques A, Ramos C, Serrano C, Matos O, Neng NR, Nogueira JM, Saraiva JA, Nunes ML (2013) Chemical composition and bioactivity of different oregano (Origanum vulgare) extracts and essential oil. J Sci Food Agric 93:2707–2714. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6089

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenório KI, Sgavioli S, Roriz BC, Ayala CM, Santos Wd, Rodrigues PHM, Almeida VRd, Garcia RG (2017) Effect of chamomile extract on the welfare of laying Japanese quail. Rev Bras Zootec 46:760–765. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902017000900008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai M-L, Wu C-T, Lin T-F, Lin W-C, Huang Y-C, Yang C-H (2013) Chemical composition and biological properties of essential oils of two mint species. Trop J Pharm Res 12:577–582. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v12i4.20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsivelika N, Sarrou E, Gusheva K, Pankou C, Koutsos T, Chatzopoulou P, Mavromatis A (2018) Phenotypic variation of wild chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) populations and their evaluation for medicinally important essential oil. Biochem Syst Ecol 80:21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2018.06.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Umar S, Rehman A, Younus M, Ali A, Shahzad M, Shah M, Munir M, Aslam H, Yaqoob M (2016) Effects of Nigella sativa on immune responses and pathogenesis of avian influenza (H9N2) virus in turkeys. J Appl Poult Res 25:95–103. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr/pfv070

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Viola H, Wasowski C, De Stein ML, Wolfman C, Silveira R, Dajas F, Medina J, Paladini A (1995) Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects. Planta Med 61:213–216. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-958058

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wesolowska A, Jadczak D, Grzeszczuk M (2011) Chemical composition of the pepper fruit extracts of hot cultivars Capsicum annuum L. Acta Sci Pol Hortoru 10:171–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu D, Lewis ED, Pae M, Meydani SN (2019) Nutritional modulation of immune function: analysis of evidence, mechanisms, and clinical relevance. Front Immunol 9:3160. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.03160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu J, Zhou F, Ji BP, Pei RS, Xu N (2008) The antibacterial mechanism of carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol 47:174–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02407.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yacoub R, Kaji D, Patel SN, Simoes PK, Busayavalasa D, Nadkarni GN, He JC, Coca SG, Uribarri J (2015) Association between probiotic and yogurt consumption and kidney disease: insights from NHANES. Nutr J 15:1–4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0127-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y, Iji P, Choct M (2009) Dietary modulation of gut microflora in broiler chickens: a review of the role of six kinds of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics. Worlds Poult Sci J 65:97–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933909000087

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zadeh JB, Kor NM, Kor ZM (2014) Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) as a valuable medicinal plant. Int J Adv Biol Biomed Res 2:823–829

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Prof. Khaled A. El-Tarabily thanks the library at Murdoch University, Australia, for the valuable online resources and comprehensive databases.

Funding

This study was financially supported by Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, (Grant number 17.16.4.8774).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran

    Alireza Seidavi, Masoomeh Tavakoli & Fariborz Asroosh

  2. Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Colin G. Scanes

  3. Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt

    Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack

  4. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt

    Mohammed A. E. Naiel

  5. Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt

    Ayman E. Taha

  6. Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France

    Lotfi Aleya

  7. Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Khaled A. El-Tarabily

  8. Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia

    Khaled A. El-Tarabily

  9. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt

    Ayman A. Swelum

Authors
  1. Alireza Seidavi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Masoomeh Tavakoli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fariborz Asroosh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Colin G. Scanes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mohammed A. E. Naiel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ayman E. Taha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Lotfi Aleya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Khaled A. El-Tarabily
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Ayman A. Swelum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors (A.S., M.T., F.A., C.G.S., M.E.A.E.-H., M.A.E.N., A.E.T., L.A., K.A.E.-T., and A.A.S.) had equally shared in writing this review article. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Alireza Seidavi, Mohammed A. E. Naiel or Khaled A. El-Tarabily.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Seidavi, A., Tavakoli, M., Asroosh, F. et al. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of phytonutrients as antibiotic substitutes in poultry feed. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 5006–5031 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17401-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17401-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation