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Thymoquinone and diallyl sulfide protect against fipronil-induced oxidative injury in rats

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Abstract

Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide, widely used for agricultural and veterinary activities. Early reports indicated that FIP organ toxicity is primarily mediated by the induction of oxidative stress. Both thymoquinone (TQ) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) are natural antioxidants with established health benefits. This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of DAS and TQ against FPN-induced toxicity in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (150–180 g) were randomized into four treatment groups, receiving (I) saline, (II) FPN (10 mg/kg bw), (III) FPN with DAS (200 mg/kg bw), and (IV) FPN with TQ (10 mg/kg bw). All treatments were administered once daily for 28 days. The results showed that compared to the control rats, FPN-treated rats had significantly increased (p < 0.05) serum levels of uric acid, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, aspartate transferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Moreover, FPN significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the serum levels of total proteins, albumin, and triglycerides. In addition, compared with the control group, FPN-treated rats had significantly elevated (p < 0.05) malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, as well as significantly reduced glutathione concentration and activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in the hepatic, renal, and brain tissues. Cotreatment with DAS or TQ significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05) the FPN-induced alterations in all the previously mentioned parameters with more frequent restoration of normal control ranges in the TQ group. In conclusion, both DAS and TQ alleviated the oxidative injury of FPN, probably by enhancing tissue antioxidant defenses.

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Abbreviations

ALP:

alkaline phosphatase

ALT:

alanine transferase

AST:

aspartate transferase

CAT:

catalase

DAS:

diallyl sulfide

GGT:

γ-glutamyl transferase

GPx:

glutathione peroxidase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

FPN:

fipronil

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NO:

nitric oxide

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TQ:

thymoquinone

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

    Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur, Egypt

    Hazem M. Shaheen

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk

  4. Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

    Eman A. Toraih

  5. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

    Manal S. Fawzy

  6. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science- Al Faisaliah King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Wafa S. Alansari

  7. Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, UMR CNRS 6249, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France

    Lotfi Aleya

  8. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

    Simona Bungau

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  1. Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
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  2. Hazem M. Shaheen
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Correspondence to Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim.

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Abdel-Daim, M.M., Shaheen, H.M., Abushouk, A.I. et al. Thymoquinone and diallyl sulfide protect against fipronil-induced oxidative injury in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 23909–23916 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2386-3

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