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Soil microbial community responses to the application of a combined amendment in a historical zinc smelting area

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Abstract

Farmland soils that surround a historical zinc smelting area in northwestern Guizhou, China, are characterized by high levels of heavy metal accumulation. Previous studies have mainly focused on the potential risk evaluations of heavy metals in soil and crops. However, at present, the effects of amendment applications on the bioavailability of heavy metals and on microbial community in the heavily contaminated soils of the mining region are still unclear. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of applying a combined amendment (e.g. lime, sepiolite, and vermicompost) on the diversity and composition of microbial community in the contaminated soil. The results showed that the contents of DTPA- and TCLP-extractable heavy metals (e.g. Cd, Pb, and Zn) decreased and that the pH, SWC, EC, and soil available nutrient (e.g. AN, AP, and AK) contents increased after the application of the combined amendment. Furthermore, application of the combined amendment decreased the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities and increased the relative abundances of the dominant bacterial and fungal communities such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Ascomycota; however, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria decreased. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that the bioavailability of heavy metals decreased and that soil physicochemical characteristics improved and had positive or negative effects on the diversity and composition of soil microbial community.

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Data availability

All the data obtained in this study are presented in this paper, and the specific sequencing results and element determination data can be obtained from the author.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52004074), the construction of the Projects of Talent Base in Guizhou Province (No. RCJD 2018-21), and the Talent Introduction Research Project of Guizhou University (No. [2019]022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Chuanjiang Tan

  2. Key Laboratory of Kast Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Youfa Luo

  3. Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Youfa Luo

  4. Guizhou Kast Environmental Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Youfa Luo & Tianling Fu

  5. The New Rural Development Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Tianling Fu

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The research concept, research methods, and funding were acquired by Professors Youfa Luo and Tianling Fu. The modification of the thesis was helped by Professor Youfa Luo. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Chuanjiang Tan, and all the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Tan, ., Luo, Y. & Fu, T. Soil microbial community responses to the application of a combined amendment in a historical zinc smelting area . Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 13056–13070 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16631-2

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