Abstract
Worldwide, freshwater environments are impacted by inputs of nutrients and dissolved organic matter from human activities. Yet, the recovery of aquatic systems is usually focused only on nutrient management. In our work, we presented the case of an urban and hypereutrophic environment (Pampulha reservoir, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) that receives discharges from several streams and was treated with lanthanum modified bentonite (Phoslock®) and microbial bioremediation (Enzilimp®). Our goals were to evaluate whether the treatment could improve the water quality and characterize the spatiotemporal variation of dissolved organic matter sources and indices according to absorbance and fluorescence measurements from the reservoir and streams post-application months (2018). In our results, the reservoir showed a relative decrease in its phosphorus concentration compared to data from before the treatment. On the other hand, carbon concentrations reached expressive values in the post-application months following a similar pattern found in the streams. Our data showed that the reservoir’s high resistance in its hypereutrophic condition was related to the elevated loading of external inputs coming from the streams. The parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) identified four main carbon sources, two of them being potential tracers of organic pollution in the Pampulha reservoir and watershed, together with absorbance and fluorescence indices. Our findings suggest that carbon parameters can be essential tools to provide adequate monitoring and optimization of water recovery attempts in complex, polluted environments.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)–Finance Code 001. The authors thank the Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering (DESA) from the Federal University of Minas Gerais for authorizing the use of the laboratories and equipment. We are also grateful to Pedro Camillo for his help with the fluorescence analyses, Daniel Peifer for the study site map preparation, and the LIMNEA lab group for all the help with the chemical analyses. Especial thanks to Anelise Garcia and Renata Cristina.
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This study was supported by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)–Finance Code 001.
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MPB, EAPV, and LPMB contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by MPB, EAPV, LPMB, and JFBN. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MPB. EAPV, LPMB, DFM, JFBN, and FARB contributed to the manuscript writing up and corrections. All the authors approved the final manuscript.
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Bezerra, M.P., Viana, E.A.P., Brandão, L.P.M. et al. Water quality evaluation and dissolved organic matter characterization of a tropical hypereutrophic reservoir and its streams treated with Phoslock® and microbial bioremediation Enzilimp®. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 1375–1390 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15645-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15645-0