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Impact of urbanisation (trends) on runoff behaviour of Pampulha watersheds (Brazil)

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Abstract

The paper presents an analysis of runoff behaviour of four urban catchments between the municipalities of Belo Horizonte and Contagem in Brazil, linked to their land use. Two years of online measurement of flow data, combined with spatial analysis, was linked through runoff modelisation with EPA SWMM. The coefficients of Nash obtained varying between 0.75 and 0.87 demonstrated an adequate modelling approach. A 1-year rain series was applied to evaluate the runoff behaviour of actual land cover and that of 2002. The peak flows normalised to watershed surfaces revealed as the most urbanised (85%) watershed Ressaca with 178 L/ha/s, three times more runoff intensive than the least urbanised (41%) Mergulhão with 67 L/ha/s. Statistical analysis of land cover data and modelling results on watershed and sub-watershed level showed main correlations between hydrological parameters such as peak flow, average event flow and restitution time, but also between land cover and runoff coefficient. This approach gave a linear relation between runoff and green surface, with a runoff coefficient of 0.86 for fully urbanised zone and 0.43 for full “green” cover. Prospective simulation with actual urbanisation rates varying from 4 to 34 ha/year suggested an increase between 6 and 18% of the flows and a possible end of urbanisation within the next two to three decades. These findings should contribute to a better understanding of hydrological impact of Belo Horizonte urbanisation and to the restauration of its Lake Pampulha.

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Acknowledgements

The authors will especially acknowledge Municipality of Belo Horizonte, PBH Sudecap, for making available their hydrological data and PBH Propam for their GIS support.

Funding

The project was financially supported by FINEP CT Hidro as a part of project BRUM and by FAPEMIG through different scholarships and by ChiWater through PCSWMM modelling software.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), UMR MA 102 Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, UPEC, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Est, ENPC, 6-8 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 77455, Champs-sur-Marne, France

    Martin Seidl & Bilel Hadrich

  2. Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Recursos Hídricos, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil

    Luiz Palmier & Nilo Nascimento

  3. PROLOG Ingenierie, 5 Rue de Metz, 75010, Paris, France

    Guido Petrucci

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  1. Martin Seidl
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  2. Bilel Hadrich
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  4. Guido Petrucci
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  5. Nilo Nascimento
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Correspondence to Martin Seidl.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Seidl, M., Hadrich, B., Palmier, L. et al. Impact of urbanisation (trends) on runoff behaviour of Pampulha watersheds (Brazil) . Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 14259–14270 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06029-6

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