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Exposure to fine particulate matter induces self-recovery and susceptibility of oxidative stress and inflammation in rat lungs

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Abstract

PM2.5 induces pulmonary inflammation via oxidative stress, and this role in the lungs is widely accepted, but studies on whether oxidative stress and inflammation can self-recover and be fully restored are limited. In this study, the oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs of rats, which were first exposed to different PM2.5 dosages (0, 0.5, 3.0, and 15.0 mg/kg body weight) and different recovery days (0, 15, and 30 days) and then were exposed to the same PM2.5 dosages (30 mg/kg b.w.) after 30 days of recovery, were investigated. Results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly inhibited, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) significantly increased. These changes were accompanied with damage to the pathological structure of the rat lungs. After stopping PM2.5 exposure, the difference between the PM2.5 group and the control group gradually decreased with the extension of recovery time. However, when the rats were again exposed to the same dose of PM2.5, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, and iNOS were significantly increased, and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly inhibited in the high-dose group. And the high-dose group was accompanied by more severe lung pathological structural damage. Results showed that PM2.5 could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in the lungs of rats, and these damages gradually recovered as exposure ceased, but increased lung susceptibility in rats.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21667026) and the Social Science Foundation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (No. 18YB13).

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  1. Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China

    Huiqing Ren, Jianjiang Lu, Yanbin Tong, Jiadeng Chen & Yanzhou Ding

  2. The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China

    Jianying Ning & Xianghui Su

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Contributions

HR and JL designed the study, analyzed the experimental results, and wrote the manuscript. HR, JN, XS, and YT conducted the animal experiments, HR, YD, and JC contributed to the analysis of the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jianjiang Lu or Jianying Ning.

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Current study involves animal subjects, and the study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee which is affiliated with the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China (Approval No.: A2017-005-01).

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Ren, H., Lu, J., Ning, J. et al. Exposure to fine particulate matter induces self-recovery and susceptibility of oxidative stress and inflammation in rat lungs. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 40262–40276 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10029-2

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