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Investigation of selenium pretreatment in the attenuation of lung injury in rats induced by fine particulate matters

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Abstract

Selenium (Se) is vital for health because of its antioxidative and anti-inflammation functions. The aim of this study was to determine if dietary selenium could inhibit the rat lung injury induced by ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated in seven groups (n = 8). The rats in PM2.5 exposure group were intratracheally instilled with 40 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.) of PM2.5 suspension. The rats in Se prevention groups were pretreated with 17.5, 35, or 70 μg/kg b.w. of Se for 4 weeks, respectively. Then, the rats were exposed to 40 mg/kg b.w. of PM2.5 in the fifth week. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to count the neutrophil numbers and to analyze the cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)) related to inflammation, the markers related to oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA)), and the indicators related to cell damage (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP)). The lung lobe that has not undergone bronchoalveolar lavage was processed for light microscopic examination. The results showed that the proportions of neutrophils in the BALF and the pathologic scores of the lung in PM2.5-exposed groups were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Se pretreatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in TNF-α, IL-1β, sICAM-1, LDH, TP, AKP, and MDA when compared with the PM2.5-only exposure group. Meanwhile, the dose-dependent increase in T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-Px activities were observed in rats pretreated with Se. In conclusion, Se pretreatment may protect rat lungs against inflammation and oxidative stress induced by PM2.5, which suggests that Se plays an important role as a kind of potential preventative agent to inhibit the PM2.5-induced lung injury.

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Acknowledgements

The research was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 91543119) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China (NSFSC, grant no. 15ZR1427400).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Box 249, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Jie Liu, Yingying Yang, Xuejiao Zeng, Liang Bo, Shuo Jiang, Xihao Du, Rongfang Jiang, Jinzhuo Zhao & Weimin Song

  2. Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Yuquan Xie

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  1. Jie Liu
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  2. Yingying Yang
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  3. Xuejiao Zeng
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Correspondence to Jinzhuo Zhao or Weimin Song.

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The general guidelines were followed for using and caring of animals. The Ethics Committee of Fudan University approved the experimental protocol.

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Liu, J., Yang, Y., Zeng, X. et al. Investigation of selenium pretreatment in the attenuation of lung injury in rats induced by fine particulate matters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 4008–4017 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8173-0

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