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Phosphorus recovery by ion exchange in a solid carbonate: modeling of the process

  • Sediment Research and Management
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Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is a nutrient for plant growth but also a pollutant in water bodies causing eutrophication. The source of P is mainly human and animal wastewater and runoffs from different land uses. The objective of the present study is to evaluate P removal and recovery processes by ion exchange (IE) with solid carbonate (SC) in biodigestor-treated swine effluent (BTSE) using hydrogeochemical modeling. For this, BTSE compositions were obtained by literature review. A synthetized and characterized SC was used and the ion exchange site concentration ([SC-IE]) and the IE constants (Kie) were obtained experimentally and applied to model P and major anion removal and recovery processes. P recovery was evaluated for different BTSE compositions and several concentrations of SC, dissolved P (HPO42−), competing anions such as SO42−, and CO32−. The simulations suggest that a [SC-IE]:[HPO4] of 1.4 molar ratio would allow the recovery of 90% of HPO4 in BTSE, and at average alkalinity concentrations in BTSE, CO32− would compete with HPO4 for the SC-IE. The P recovery by the SC-IE process was compared with two other methods commonly used in P removal from BTSE: removal with aluminum sulfate and precipitation of struvite as a function of pH. The results suggest that SC-IE is the most efficient method in the pH range of BTSE. Besides, HPO42− was readily recovered as inorganic P that may be reused in agriculture and industrial processes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Simón González and Georgina Izquierdo for their advice during this study, as well as Axel Falcón, Gonzalo Jayme, and Carlos Corzo for their support during this work.

Funding

This work was supported by the Mexican Institute of Water Technology (Project numbers TH1505 and TH1606. The Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) provided a doctoral scholarship for Luis Cueto (scholarship number 394206).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico

    Luis A. Cueto

  2. Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, 62550, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico

    Anne M. Hansen

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  1. Luis A. Cueto
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  2. Anne M. Hansen
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Correspondence to Anne M. Hansen.

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Cueto, L.A., Hansen, A.M. Phosphorus recovery by ion exchange in a solid carbonate: modeling of the process. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 15984–15993 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05189-9

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