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Toxicity evaluation of vinasse and biosolid samples in diplopod midgut: heat shock protein in situ localization

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Abstract

Large amounts of residues generated by agricultural, urban and industrial activities are dumped daily on the soil. This practice deserves special attention because it causes serious environmental problems. This study evaluated the toxic potential of the sugarcane vinasse, a by-product of the sugar-alcohol industry, and the biosolid, a residue produced by wastewater treatment plants, both widely used as fertilizers. The evaluation was performed through bioassays using a typical soil bioindicator, the diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi. The specimens were exposed to soils containing these residues in concentrations that are compatible with the Brazilian regulation for agricultural use. Semi-quantitative immunolabelling analyses of the stress protein HSP70 were performed on the midgut of the studied diplopods. There was a significant increase in the immunolabelling of HSP70 proteins as a response to xenobiotics from both residues, particularly in regions where the function of the cells is the detoxification of the organ (e.g. the hepatic cell layer and specific regions of the epithelium). Higher immunolabelling was observed in the specimens exposed to vinasse in comparison with the biosolid exposure. This demonstrates that the substances in the tested residues had proteotoxic action in the exposed animals and induced a cytoprotective response, which led to higher stress protein immunolabelling. Therefore, caution is needed for the use of such residues in agriculture.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, process no. 2012/50197-2 and 2014/12646-5) for financial support, and Gerson Mello de Souza for his help in the laboratory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil

    Maria Paula Mancini Coelho, Cristina Moreira-de-Sousa, Raphael Bastão de Souza, Yadira Ansoar-Rodríguez & Carmem Silvia Fontanetti

  2. Department of Biology, CCHB, UFSCar (Universidade Federal de São Carlos), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    Elaine Cristina Mathias Silva-Zacarin

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  1. Maria Paula Mancini Coelho
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  2. Cristina Moreira-de-Sousa
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Coelho, M.P.M., Moreira-de-Sousa, C., de Souza, R.B. et al. Toxicity evaluation of vinasse and biosolid samples in diplopod midgut: heat shock protein in situ localization. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 22007–22017 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9754-2

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