Abstract
Because of the harmful effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emitted by petroleum-based fuels, the adoption of alternative green fuels such as biodiesel and compressed natural gas (CNG) is an inevitable trend in the transportation sector. However, the transition to alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) fleets is not easy and, particularly at the beginning of the transition period, drivers may be forced to travel long distances to reach alternative fueling stations (AFSs). In this paper, the utilization of bi-fuel vehicles is proposed as an operational approach. We present a mathematical model to address vehicle routing problem (VRP) with bi-fuel vehicles and show that the utilization of bi-fuel vehicles can lead to a significant reduction in GHG emissions. Moreover, a simulated annealing algorithm is adopted to solve large instances of this problem. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on some random instances.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bisschop J (2012) AIMMS—optimization modeling. Paragon Decision Technology, Harlem http://www.aimms.com
Capar I, Kuby M, Leon VJ, Tsai YJ (2013) An arc cover–path-cover formulation and strategic analysis of alternative-fuel station locations. Eur J Oper Res 227(1):142–151
Černý V (1985) Thermodynamical approach to the traveling salesman problem: an efficient simulation algorithm. J Optim Theory Appl 45(1):41–51
Clarke G, & Wright JW (1964) Scheduling of vehicle from central depot to a number of delivery points. Oper Res (12), 568–581
Dantzig GB, Ramser JH (1959) The truck dispatching problem. Manag Sci 6(1):80–91
Directive (EU) 2015/1513 (2015) Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European parliament and of the council. Official Journal of the European Union
Directive 2009/29/EC (2009) Directive 2009/29/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the community. Official JournaloftheEuropeanUnion
Erdoğan S, Miller-Hooks E (2012) A green vehicle routing problem. Transp Res E 48(1):100–114
Felipe A, Ortuño MT, Righini G, Tirado G (2014) A heuristic approach for the green vehicle routing problem with multiple technologies and partial recharges. Transp Res E 71:111–128
Hosseini M, MirHassani SA (2015) A heuristic algorithm for optimal location of flow-refueling capacitated stations. Int Trans Oper Res. doi:10.1111/itor.12209, 1–27
ILOG (2011) ILOG CPLEX 12.4 User's manual. http://www.ilog.com/products/cplex
Kirkpatrick S, Gelatt CD, Vecchi MP (1983) Optimization by simulated annealing. Science 220(4598):671–680
Koç Ç, & Karaoglan I (2016) The green vehicle routing problem: a heuristic based exact solution approach. Appl Soft Comput, 154–164
Kuo Y (2010) Using simulated annealing to minimize fuel consumption for the time-dependent vehicle routing problem. Comput Ind Eng 59(1):157–165
Laporte G (2009) Fifty years of vehicle routing. Transp Sci 43(4):408–416
Lin C, Choy KL, Ho GT, Chung SH, Lam HY (2014) Survey of green vehicle routing problem: past and future trends. Expert Syst Appl 41(4):1118–1138
Melaina MW, Bremson J (2008) Refueling availability for alternative fuel vehicle markets: sufficient urban station coverage. Energy Policy 36(8):3223–3231
MirHassani SA, Ebrazi R (2012) A flexible reformulation of the refueling station location problem. Transp Sci 47(4):617–628
MirHassani SA, Mohammadyari S (2014) Reduction of carbon emissions in VRP by gravitational search algorithm. Manag Environ Qual: An Int J 25(6):766–782
Pasaoglu G, Honselaar M, Thiel C (2012) Potential vehicle fleet CO2 reductions and cost implications for various vehicle technology deployment scenarios in Europe. Energy Policy 40:404–421
Roy RK (2001) Design of experiments using the Taguchi approach: 16 steps to product and process improvement. Wiley
Salimifard K., Shahbandarzaden, H., & Raeesi, R. (2012) Green transportation and the role of operation research. 2012 International conference on traffic and transportation engineering. Singapore
Schneider M, Stenger A, Goeke D (2014) The electric vehicle-routing problem with time windows and recharging stations. Transp Sci 48(4):500–520
Suman B, Kumar P (2006) A survey of simulated annealing as a tool for single and multiobjective optimization. J Oper Res Soc 57:1143–1160
Toth P, & Vigo D (Eds.). (2014) Vehicle routing: problems, methods, and applications. Philadelphia, Monographs on discrete mathematics and applications: MOS-SIAM Series on Optimization
Xiao Y, Zhao Q, Kaku I, Xu Y (2012) Development of a fuel consumption optimization model for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. Comput Oper Res 39(7):1419–1431
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: Marcus Schulz
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abdoli, B., MirHassani, S.A. & Hooshmand, F. Model and algorithm for bi-fuel vehicle routing problem to reduce GHG emissions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 21610–21624 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9740-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9740-8