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Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of spermine-induced cadmium stress tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings

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Abstract

The role of exogenous spermine (0.25 mM Spm, a type of polyamine (PA) in reducing Cd uptake and alleviating Cd toxicity (containing 1 and 1.5 mM CdCl2 in the growing media) effects was studied in the mung bean (Vigna radiata L. cv. BARI Mung-2) plant. Exogenously applied Spm reduced Cd content, accumulation, and translocation in different plant parts. Increasing phytochelatin content, exogenous Spm reduced Cd accumulation and translocation. Spm application reduced the Cd-induced oxidative damage which was reflected from the reduction of H2O2 content, O2 •– generation rate, lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and lipid peroxidation level and also reflected from the reduction of spots of H2O2 and O2 •– from mung bean leaves (compared to control treatment). Spm pretreatment increased non-enzymatic antioxidant contents (ascorbate, AsA, and glutathione, GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR) which reduced oxidative stress. The cytotoxicity of methylglyoxal (MG) is also reduced by exogenous Spm because it enhanced glyoxalase system enzymes and components. Through osmoregulation, Spm maintained a better water status of Cd-affected mung bean seedlings. Spm prevented the chl damage and increased its content. Exogenous Spm also modulated the endogenous free PAs level which might have the roles in improving physiological processes including antioxidant capacity, osmoregulation, and Cd and MG detoxification capacity. The overall Spm-induced tolerance of mung bean seedlings to Cd toxicity was reflected through improved growth of mung bean seedlings.

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Abbreviations

AO:

ascorbate oxidase

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

ascorbic acid (ascorbate)

CAT:

catalase

chl:

chlorophyll

DHA:

dehydroascorbate

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate reductase

EDTA:

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

Gly I:

glyoxalase I

Gly II:

glyoxalase II

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

GPX:

glutathione peroxidase

GST:

glutathione S-transferase

LOX:

lipoxygenase

MDA:

malondialdehyde

MDHA:

monodehydroascorbate

MDHAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

MG:

methylglyoxal

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

Pro:

proline

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

RWC:

relative water content

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TBA:

thiobarbituric acid

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Acknowledgments

The first author is grateful to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan for financial supports. We acknowledge Md. Shahadat Hossaim, Taufika islam Anee and Farah Tasnim, Mazhar Ul Alam, Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Japan for their critical reading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan

    Kamrun Nahar, Md. Mahabub Alam, Anisur Rahman & Masayuki Fujita

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Kamrun Nahar

  3. Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh

    Motiar Rahman

  4. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman & Anisur Rahman

  5. Biomass Chemistry Laboratory, Bioresource Science for Manufacturing, Department of Applied Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan

    Toshisada Suzuki

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  1. Kamrun Nahar
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  2. Motiar Rahman
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  3. Mirza Hasanuzzaman
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  4. Md. Mahabub Alam
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  5. Anisur Rahman
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  7. Masayuki Fujita
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Correspondence to Masayuki Fujita.

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Responsible editor: Yi-ping Chen

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Nahar, K., Rahman, M., Hasanuzzaman, M. et al. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of spermine-induced cadmium stress tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 21206–21218 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7295-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7295-8

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