Abstract
The Public Safety Network (PSN) is important for providing communication after a possible disaster. It provides a communication opportunity between the victims under the wreckage and the rescue team in the case of base stations do not function. Device-to-device (D2D) discovery and communication provides communication services in such difficult situations without the requirement of network infrastructure and by reducing call traffic in cellular communication networks. Therefore, device discovery according to different parameter values in the simulator environment for 3GPP and PSN provides great convenience to users in the application phase. In this study, we presented a device-to-device (D2D) discovery simulator based on the Matlab Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the students and researchers related to the wireless communication area. In this simulator, there are different pathloss models for D2D communication along with the parameters suggested by 3GPP and PSN for educational and research purposes. D2D discovery results are given in visual graphics with the parameter settings in the simulator’s interface. Thanks to the D2D discovery simulator, the students and researchers can easily understand how the user mobile devices discover each other which is necessary for D2D communication in the disaster area. They can also compare device discovery algorithms with different parameters and models. Six different scenario examples and an evaluation questionnaire about the D2D discovery simulator were proposed to students and researchers at a University in Turkey. The users (students and researchers) can easily test D2D discovery algorithms with different simulation parameters with a user-friendly interface thanks to the developed simulator.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.
References
Vatansever, F., & Yalcin, N. A. (2017). e-signals & systems: A web-based educational tool for signals and systems. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 25(4), 625–641.
Magana, A. J., & de Jong, T. (2018). Modeling and simulation practices in engineering education. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 26(4), 731–738.
Shah, S. T., Hasan, S. F., Seet, B.-C., Chong, P. H. J., & Chung, M. Y. (2018). Device-to-device communications: A contemporary survey. Wireless Personal Communications, 98, 1247–1284.
Jarwan, A., Sabbah, A., Ibnkahla, M., & Issa, O. (2019). Lte-based public safety networks: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 21(2), 1165–1187.
Sabbah, A., Jarwan, A., Issa, O., & Ibnkahla, M. (2017). Enabling lte emulation by integrating core emulator and lte-epc network (lena) simulator. In: 2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), pp. 1–6. IEEE.
Kim, J. Y., Hu, W., Sarkar, D., & Jha, S. (2019). Long-term secure management of large scale internet of things applications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 138, 15–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2019.04.015
Kumbhar, A., Koohifar, F., Güvenç, I., & Mueller, B. (2016). A survey on legacy and emerging technologies for public safety communications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 19(1), 97–124.
Prasad, A., Maeder, A., Samdanis, K., Kunz, A., & Velev, G. (2016). Enabling group communication for public safety in lte-advanced networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 62, 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2015.10.014
Chakraborty, C., & Rodrigues, J. J. (2020). A comprehensive review on device-to-device communication paradigm: trends, challenges and applications. Wireless Personal Communications, 114(1), 185–207.
Elshrkasi, A., Dimyati, K., Ahmad, K.A.B., & bin Mohamed Said, M.F. (2022). Enhancement of cellular networks via an improved clustering technique with d2d communication for mission-critical applications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications 206, 103482.
Debnath, S., Arif, W., Roy, S., Baishya, S., & Sen, D. (2022). A comprehensive survey of emergency communication network and management. Wireless Personal Communications, 124(2), 1375–1421.
Pedhadiya, M. K., Jha, R. K., & Bhatt, H. G. (2019). Device to device communication: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 129, 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2018.10.012
Areqi, M.A., Zahary, A.T., & Ali, M.N. (2023). State-of-the-art device-to-device communication solutions. IEEE Access.
OPNET. (2022). OPNET-Riverbed Modeler Simulator. http://www.riverbed.com/en-gb Accessed 2022-04-16.
QualNet. (2022). QualNet-Network Simulation Softwar. http://www.scalable-networks.com/products/ Accessed 2022-04-16.
Pan, J. (2008). A survey of network simulation tools: Current status and future development. Technical report.
NS-2Simulator. (2022). NS-2 Simulator. https://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ Accessed 2022-04-15.
NS-3Simulator. (2022). NS-3 Simulator. https://www.nsnam.org/ Accessed 2022-04-15.
OMNeT. (2022). OMNeT++ Simulator. http://www.omnetpp.org/ Accessed 2022-04-15.
SSF. (2022). Scalable Simulation Framework (SSF). http://www.ssfnet.org/ Accessed 2022-04-16.
J-Sim. (2022). J-Sim. http://www.j-sim.org/ Accessed 2022-04-16.
Venkataramanan, V., & Lakshmi, S. (2018). A case study of various wireless network simulation tools. International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security, 10(2), 389–396.
Siraj, S., Gupta, A., & Badgujar, R. (2012). Network simulation tools survey. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 1(4), 199–206.
Zengin, A. (2010). Large-scale integrated network system simulation with devs-suite. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS), 4(4), 452–474.
Babu, S., & Raj Kumar P. A. (2022). A comprehensive survey on simulators, emulators, and testbeds for vanets. International Journal of Communication Systems, 5123.
Küçük, K. (2018). Rtwifi-lab: A real-time wi-fi laboratory platform on usrp and labview for wireless communications education and research. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 26(1), 111–124.
LabVIEW. (2022). LabVIEW. https://enox.com.tr/products/labview/ Accessed 2022-04-15.
MATLAB. (2022). MATLAB. https://www.mathworks.com/ Accessed 2022-04-16.
Kaçar, S., & Bayılmış, C. (2013). A web-based educational interface for an analog communication course based on matlab builder ne with webfigures. IEEE Transactions on Education, 56(3), 346–354.
Bayilmis, C. (2012). Development of a web-based educational interface using matlab builder ne with web figure for digital modulation techniques. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 20(4), 604–610.
Čisar, P., Odry, P., Maravić Čisar, S., & Stankov, G. (2020). Teaching spread spectrum in the course telecommunication systems using octave. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 28(2), 367–383.
GNU Octave. (2022). GNU Octave. https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Accessed 2022-04-15.
Baldo, N., Miozzo, M., Requena-Esteso, M., & Nin-Guerrero, J. (2011). An open source product-oriented lte network simulator based on ns-3. In: Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, pp. 293–298.
Nardini, G., Virdis, A., & Stea, G. (2016). Simulating device-to-device communications in omnet++ with simulte: Scenarios and configurations. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.05173
Marttin, V., Yüzgeç, U., Bayılmış, C., & Küçük, K. (2021). A novel approach to d2d discovery in psn for post-disaster: Throughput based discovery algorithm (tda). Wireless Personal Communications, 119(4), 3339–3363.
Marttin, V. (2021). A new device-to-device discovery algorithm based on throughput in mobile network for post-disaster communication. PhD thesis, Sakarya University, Sakarya University. In Turkish.
Doppler, K., Rinne, M., Wijting, C., Ribeiro, C. B., & Hugl, K. (2009). Device-to-device communication as an underlay to lte-advanced networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 47(12), 42–49.
Rappaport, T.S., et al. (1996). Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice vol. 2. prentice hall PTR New Jersey, ???.
3GP-PTR-36843. (2014). Study on lte device to device proximity services: Radio aspects. Technical report. 3GPP TR 36843 Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network.
Hamid, M., & Kostanic, I. (2013). Path loss models for lte and lte-a relay stations. Universal Journal of Communications and Network, 1(4), 119–126.
Pedersen, G.F. (1999). Cost 231-digital mobile radio towards future generation systems. In: Cost 231-Digital Mobile Radio Towards Future Generation Systems, pp. 92–96. EU, ???.
Bultitude, Y.d.J., & Rautiainen, T. (2007). Ist-4-027756 winner ii d1. 1.2 v1. 2 winner ii channel models. EBITG, TUI, UOULU, CU/CRC, NOKIA, Tech. Rep.
Lee, W.C. (2010). Mobile communications design fundamentals. Wiley
Wu, Y., Liu, W., Wang, S., Guo, W., & Chu, X. (2015). Network coding in device-to-device (d2d) communications underlaying cellular networks. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 2072–2077. IEEE
Kaleem, Z., Qadri, N. N., Duong, T. Q., & Karagiannidis, G. K. (2019). Energy-efficient device discovery in d2d cellular networks for public safety scenario. IEEE Systems Journal, 13(3), 2716–2719.
Series, P. (2015). Propagation data and prediction methods for the planning of short-range outdoor radio communication systems and radio local area networks in the frequency range 300 mhz to 100 ghz. tech. rep., ITU, Tech. Rep. ITU-R.
Osman, E.A.M. (2018). Device discovery methods in d2d communications for 5g communications systems. Master’s thesis, Tallinn University of Technology.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Marttin, V., Yuzgec, U., Bayilmis, C. et al. Device-to-Device (D2D) Discovery Simulator for 3GPP and Public Safety Network (PSN). Wireless Pers Commun (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-024-11168-2
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-024-11168-2