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A Review of Modified Clay Minerals for Thallium Absorption from Aqueous Environment: Preparation, Application, and Mechanism

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Abstract

Thallium is a highly toxic heavy metal element that can penetrate the human skin and still cause harm to the humans and the environment at low concentrations. Adsorption method is an effective environment-mature and mature method for treating wastewater containing thallium (Tl). The use of cheap adsorbents with large adsorption capacity will make the competitive advantage of adsorption more obvious. As an easy-to-obtain adsorbent, clay minerals are widely used in practical production due to their cheap and reliable advantages. Meanwhile, clay minerals are usually modified to improve their adsorption capacity for Tl. This paper summarizes different modification methods of clay minerals, including physical modification, inorganic chemical, organic modification, and pillared modification. Furthermore, the ion purification and metal inorganic doping are effective treatment methods of clay minerals for Tl removal. The main factors influencing Tl removal in water by clay minerals, such as initial metal concentration, solution pH, coexisting ions, and adsorbent type, are discussed in this paper. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of Tl by clay minerals are mainly reviewed, and the adsorption mechanism, mainly ion exchange and oxidative adsorption, is described in detail. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the potential of natural as well as modified clay minerals for the adsorption of metals in wastewater to provide a more comprehensive perspective on Tl pollution treatment.

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Source: the top SEM image is from Toor et al. (2015); lower side mechanism diagram and SEM image from España et al. (2019)

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study were included in this published article.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFC1805001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51874018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Yingbo Dong, Pengfei Zhang & Hai Lin

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory On Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China

    Yingbo Dong & Hai Lin

Authors
  1. Yingbo Dong
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  2. Pengfei Zhang
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  3. Hai Lin
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Contributions

YD: conceptualization, supervision, and revision. PZ: literature collection and arrangement, and writing the original draft. HL: supervision. All authors participated and approved the final manuscript to be published.

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Correspondence to Hai Lin.

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Highlights

• Modified clay minerals can effectively remove thallium from water environment.

• The modification methods and principles of clay minerals are reviewed.

• Influencing factors and mechanism of Tl adsorption by clay minerals were discussed.

• The future directions of clay mineral to adsorb Tl were discussed.

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Dong, Y., Zhang, P. & Lin, H. A Review of Modified Clay Minerals for Thallium Absorption from Aqueous Environment: Preparation, Application, and Mechanism. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 532 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05987-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05987-x

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