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Anisole Hydrodeoxygenation: A Comparative Study of Ni/TiO2-ZrO2 and Commercial TiO2 Supported Ni and NiRu Catalysts

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Abstract

This work aimed to determine the carrier effect on anisole hydrodeoxygenation (HDO, batch reactor at 573 K, and 4 MPa of H2) on 5 wt% Ni catalysts on TiO2 and TiO2-ZrO2 carriers. Besides, a TiO2-supported Ru-doped catalyst was also tested. Differences in surface acid sites, Ni reducibility, oxygen vacancies, and interactions among metals and support were detected. For instance, Ru addition promoted Ni reducibility due to improved hydrogen adsorption and subsequent spillover effect. Methoxycyclohexane and cyclohexanol were the main products over Ni/TiO2. Ru incorporation increased the initial reaction rate (×3) compared with non-doped Ni/TiO2 favoring benzene selectivity. Ni/TiO2-ZrO2 exhibited higher HDO activity and enhanced acidity than the material supported on TiO2, and high deoxygenated compounds yield a fully hydrogenated compound (cyclohexane) as well. Therefore, it was possible to promote the desired reaction pathway to relevant chemical compounds that are associated with both the support type and the metallic phase composition.

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Acknowledgements

Reyna Rios and Edgar Ortiz express their gratitude to CONACYT (Mexico) for financial support through graduated student scholarships and project funding: A1-S-41193. R. Rios expresses her gratitude to E. I. Fuentes-Oliver for the valuable comments to improve the manuscript and support for image processing. We want to acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Dr. David Dominguez.

Funding

This study is a product of the funding A1-S-41193 received by CONACYT (Mexico).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México

    R. Rios-Escobedo & J. A. de los Reyes

  2. Departamento de Energía, Área de Análisis de Procesos, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, 02200, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México, México

    E. Ortiz-Santos & J. A. Colín-Luna

  3. Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Tijuana- Ensenada, Km. 107, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, México

    J. N. Díaz de León

  4. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, 07730, G.A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México

    P. del Angel & J. Escobar

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Rios-Escobedo, R., Ortiz-Santos, E., Colín-Luna, J.A. et al. Anisole Hydrodeoxygenation: A Comparative Study of Ni/TiO2-ZrO2 and Commercial TiO2 Supported Ni and NiRu Catalysts. Top Catal 65, 1448–1461 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-022-01662-x

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