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Heterogeneous Oxygen-Containing Species Formed via Oxygen or Water Dissociative Adsorption onto a Gallium Phosphide Surface

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Abstract

Interactions of O2 or H2O with a GaP(111) surface were investigated over wide ranges of pressure and temperature using near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We demonstrated the formation of several oxygen-containing species from the dissociative adsorption of gas-phase molecules onto GaP(111). Chemical evolutions were determined at the gas/semiconductor interfaces based on changes in the high-resolution photoelectron spectra, which allowed us to identify the final products formed either directly or through intermediate species. We then used the Ga 2p3/2 spectra to create maps of the relative abundances of surface oxides and hydroxyl groups present under various experimental conditions. In the case of the O2/GaP(111) interface, we detected Ga–P bonds, and various oxygen-containing species, i.e., Ga2O, Ga2O3, and GaPOm. In the case of the H2O/GaP(111) interface, in addition to the detection of Ga–P bonds, species were formed with a different extent of oxidation and hydroxylation, On–Ga–(OH)3−n, via a Ga2O-like intermediate species. In both cases, the co-existence of multiple species represented as (GaPO)A or (GaPOH)B, was displayed under specific conditions.

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Notes

  1. unpublished data.

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Acknowledgments

This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-FC02-04ER15533. This is contribution number NDRL 5069 from the Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory. The authors would like to thank James Kapaldo for creating the two maps using the MATLAB software.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Xueqiang Zhang & Sylwia Ptasinska

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Xueqiang Zhang

  3. Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Sylwia Ptasinska

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  1. Xueqiang Zhang
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Correspondence to Sylwia Ptasinska.

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Zhang, X., Ptasinska, S. Heterogeneous Oxygen-Containing Species Formed via Oxygen or Water Dissociative Adsorption onto a Gallium Phosphide Surface. Top Catal 59, 564–573 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0526-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0526-2

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