Abstract
Salinity stress is a major environmental factor that negatively impacts plant growth and agricultural productivity. Ethylene, a crucial plant hormone, plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes in response to environmental stresses, including salinity stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of two ethylene inhibitors, pyrazinamide (PZA) and AgNO3, on the expression of key ethylene synthesis and signaling genes in tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) under salinity stress in vitro conditions. Tomato seedlings were subjected to salinity stress by supplementing the growth medium with NaCl, and different concentrations of PZA and AgNO3 were applied. The expression patterns of ACS3, ACO1, EIN2, and EIL1 genes, involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Under salinity stress, the expression of ACS3 and ACO1 genes was upregulated, indicating increased ethylene production. However, the application of PZA and AgNO3 treatments effectively suppressed ACS3 and ACO1 gene expression by 23% and 14%, respectively. Similarly, the ethylene signaling genes, EIN2 and EIL1, exhibited increased expression under salinity stress, but their expression was significantly reduced by 60% to 88% with PZA and AgNO3 treatments. The study shows that PZA and AgNO3 inhibitors effectively improve stress tolerance in tomato plants under salinity stress. These results offer insights into ethylene-mediated responses and potential strategies for developing stress-resilient crop varieties. Further research is needed to explore interactions between inhibitors and the ethylene signaling pathway and validate their practical application in agriculture.
Key message
The present study revealed that the expression of ACS3, ACO1, EIN2, and EIL1 genes using PZA, and AgNO3 under in vitro salinity stress was reduced while salt stress increased the expression of these genes.
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Abbreviations
- PZA:
-
Pyrazinamide
- AgNO3 :
-
Silver nitrate
- ACC:
-
Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid
- ACS:
-
Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid synthase
- ACO:
-
ACC oxidase
- CTR1:
-
Constitutive Triple Response1
- EIN2:
-
ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2
- EIL:
-
ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3/EIN3-LIKE
- qPCR:
-
Real-time quantitative PCR
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Author would like to thank Plant Antioxidant Center of Excellence (OACE), University of Isfahan for their support.
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Somayeh Zarei carried out the experimental lab analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript, Ali Akbar Ehsanpour edited, organized, and submitted the manuscript and Seyed Morteza Javadirad designed real time PCR experiments. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Zarei, S., Ehsanpour, A.A. & Javadirad, S.M. In vitro impact of Pyrazynamide (PZA), AgNO3 and salinity on the expression of ACS3, ACO1, EIN2, and EIL1 genes in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 156, 66 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02687-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02687-8