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Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 2: the role of arabinogalactan proteins

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Abstract

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins with diverse functions in plant growth and development. In this work the role of AGPs was comparatively studied in four developmental pathways that can be induced from centaury leaf explants—indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE), indirect and direct shoot development (ISD and DSD) and direct root development (DRD). The addition of β-d-glucosyl Yariv (βGlcY) reagent, a synthetic phenylglycoside that specifically crosslinks AGPs, to the growth medium reduced the number of somatic embryos and adventitious buds formed per explant. The morphogenetic paths can be arranged in order of increasing sensitivity to βGlcY as: DRD (insensitive) < ISD < DSD ≪ ISE. The content of AGPs increased during all processes, but the accumulation of AGPs was the most rapid during ISE and when ISE and ISD occurred simultaneously. We have identified four centaury AGP transcripts, CeAGP1–CeAGP4, of which CeAGP1, 2 and 4 code for fasciclin-like AGPs. CeAGP3 is an AG peptide with conserved DUF1070 domain. Expression pattern of these genes indicated specific involvement of CeAGP1 in ISE and unspecific involvement of CeAGP3 in morphogenesis.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

ab:

Adventitious bud

AG:

Arabinogalactan

AGP:

Arabinogalactan protein

BM:

Basal medium

CPPU:

N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea

CS:

Cleavage site

DRD:

Direct root development

DSE:

Direct somatic embryogenesis

DSD:

Direct shoot development

FLA:

Fasciclin-like AGPs

GPI:

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor

GPIsp:

GPI-addition signal peptide

ISE:

Indirect somatic embryogenesis

ISD:

Indirect shoot development

LSD:

Least significant difference test

mAbs:

Monoclonal antibodies

qPCR:

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

SE:

Somatic embryogenesis

SP:

Signal peptide

βGlcY:

β-d-Glucosyl Yariv reagent; 1,3,5-tris (4-β-d-glycopyranosyloxyphenylazo)-2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene

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Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grants ON173024, ON173015 and ON174021. The authors thank Dr. Milan Dragićević for valuable discussions and critical review of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department for Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Ana D. Simonović, Biljana K. Filipović, Milana M. Trifunović, Slađana B. Jevremović & Angelina R. Subotić

  2. Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Saša N. Malkov

  3. Department for Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vedrana P. Milinković

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  1. Ana D. Simonović
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  2. Biljana K. Filipović
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  3. Milana M. Trifunović
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Correspondence to Milana M. Trifunović.

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Simonović, A.D., Filipović, B.K., Trifunović, M.M. et al. Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 2: the role of arabinogalactan proteins. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 121, 721–739 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0741-3

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