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Modeling optimal mineral nutrition for hazelnut micropropagation

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Abstract

Micropropagation of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is typically difficult because of the wide variation in response among cultivars. This study was designed to determine the required mineral nutrient concentrations for micropropagation of C. avellana cultivars using a response surface design analysis. Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) medium mineral nutrients were separated into five factors: NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, mesos (MgSO4 and KH2PO4), K2SO4, and minor nutrients (boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc) ranging from 0.5× to 2× the standard DKW medium concentrations with 33 treatments for use in modeling. Overall quality and shoot length for all cultivars were influenced by ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, mesos and minors. Reduced Ca(NO3)2 improved multiplication while higher amounts increased shoot length for most cultivars. Uptake of nutrients varied among the cultivars. Calcium and magnesium concentrations were greater in the shoots that grew well compared to poorly-growing and control treatments. All five cultivars showed improved growth on some treatments and the models indicated that shoots grown on an optimized medium would be even better. This model indicates that NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, mesos, and minors all had significant effects on hazelnut growth and multiplication and should be optimized in future experiments.

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Abbreviations

BA:

N6 benzyladenine

DE:

Design Expert Software

DKW:

Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut medium

Fe EDTA:

Ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

Fe EDDHA:

Ferric ethylenediamine-N, N’-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

Mesos:

MgSO4 and KH2PO4

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

NCGR-COR:

Yu and Reed hazelnut medium

PI:

Plant introduction number (US National Plant Germplasm System)

WPM:

Woody plant medium

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Acknowledgments

This study was part of a MS thesis by CH and was supported by the Oregon Hazelnut Commission and USDA-ARS CRIS 5358-21000-044-00D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, ALS 4007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Charles Hand

  2. Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Niihama National College of Technology, Niihama, Japan

    Shinya Maki

  3. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 33447 Peoria Road, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA

    Barbara M. Reed

Authors
  1. Charles Hand
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  2. Shinya Maki
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  3. Barbara M. Reed
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Barbara M. Reed.

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Hand, C., Maki, S. & Reed, B.M. Modeling optimal mineral nutrition for hazelnut micropropagation. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 119, 411–425 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0544-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0544-y

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