Abstract
The evolution of dielectric properties during the cyanate ester oligomer curing process was studied in the electric field frequencies range of 10–2—105 Hz. The kinetic of the curing process was investigated using the acquired data for complex dielectric permittivity and conductivity. It is demonstrated that, along with the formation of the polymer network, a microphase separation of the reaction intermediate, namely carbamate, takes place during the trimerization reaction. It is manifested in the frequency spectra as the Maxwell—Wagner polarization.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
I. Hamerton, Chemistry and Technology of Cyanate Ester Resins, Springer, Netherlands, 1994, 357 pp.
C. P. Reghunadhan Nair, D. Mathew, K. N. Ninan, Adv. Polym. Sci., 2001, 155.
Y. Cao, L. K. Johnson, M. Lu, I. Malajovich, D. R. Radu, Pat. USA 20140048137, 2014.
ASM-9142-En Rev. 00–13, CYTEC Industries Inc., 2014, 1.
H. L. Lee, The Handbook of Dielectric Analysis and Cure Monitoring, Lambient Technologies, 2017, 156 pp.
B. А. Rozenberg, Mendeleev Chem. J. (Engl. Transl.), 2001, 45, № 5–6.
B. D. Fitz, J. Mij ovic, Macromolecules, 2000, 33: 887–899.
S. L. Simon, J. K. Gillham, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1993, 47: 461.
S. C. Speak, H. Sitt, R. H. Fuse, 36th Int. SAMPE Symp., 1991, 36: 336.
G. Georgoussis, A. Kyritsis, V. A. Bershtein, J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys., 38, 3070–3087.
D. А. Gurov, G. F. Novikov, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 2018, DOI: 10.1134/S0036024418070130.
G. F. Novikov, Е. B. Rabenok, Ya. I. Estrin, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 2014, 1790.
N. A. Nikonorova, E. B. Barmatov, D. A. Pebalk, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007, 111: 8451.
F. Kremer, A. Schonhals, Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, New York, 2003, 87–91.
R. W. Sillars, J. Inst. Electr. Eng, 1937, 80: 378.
G. P. Johari, Chemistry and Technology of Epoxy Resins, Ed. B. Ellis, Blackie and Sons, London, 1993, 348 pp.
G. F. Novikov, А. В. Chukalin, L. N. Bogdanova, Polymer Sci., Ser. A, 2000, 42: 817.
G. F. Novikov, Т. L. Еlizarova, А. В. Chukalin, Polymer Sci., Ser. A, 2000, 42: 847.
B. J. Frame, Сharacterization and Process Development of Cyanate Ester Resin Composites, 1999, 1–16.
L. J. Kasehagen, C. W. Macosko, Polymer Int., 1997, 44: 237–247.
O. Grigoryeva, A. Fainleib, P. Pissis, Polym. Eng. Sci., 42, 2440–2448.
G. M. Estes, R. W. Seymour, S. L. Cooper, Macromolecules, 1971, 4: 452–457.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1045–1050, June, 2018.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gurov, D.A., Rabenok, E.V. & Novikov, G.F. Dielectric spectroscopy study of cyanate ester oligomer curing kinetics. Russ Chem Bull 67, 1045–1050 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-018-2178-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-018-2178-4