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Novel biocompatible glucose-based deep eutectic solvent as recyclable medium and promoter for expedient multicomponent green synthesis of diverse three and four substituted pyrazole-4-carbonitrile derivatives

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Abstract

A novel biocompatible glucose-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) is reported for the first time in the multicomponent synthesis of diverse three and four substituted pyrazole-4-carbonitrile derivatives under catalyst-free condition without using any harmful organic solvent even for purification of the products. The desired products were obtained with high degree of diversity from the reaction of malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes and various hydrazine derivatives as nitrogen source at room temperature within short reaction times and good to excellent product yields. The deep eutectic solvent was also recycled and reused at least four times with only a slight loss of efficiency. A plausible mechanism was also proposed indicating the role of DES hydrogen bonding in the reaction promotion.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. Rostamizadeh from K.N. Toosi University of Technology and Dr. Jadidi from Shahid Beheshti University G. C. for their helpful consultations. The partial financial support of the present study by Research Council of University of Zabol is also gratefully appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, P. O. Box 9861335856, Zabol, Iran

    Reza Aryan, Hamid Beyzaei, Masoomeh Nojavan & Meysam Rezaei

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  1. Reza Aryan
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  2. Hamid Beyzaei
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  3. Masoomeh Nojavan
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  4. Meysam Rezaei
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Correspondence to Reza Aryan.

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Aryan, R., Beyzaei, H., Nojavan, M. et al. Novel biocompatible glucose-based deep eutectic solvent as recyclable medium and promoter for expedient multicomponent green synthesis of diverse three and four substituted pyrazole-4-carbonitrile derivatives. Res Chem Intermed 43, 4731–4744 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-017-2908-5

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