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Efficient synthetic route for thio-triazole derivatives catalyzed by iron doped fluorapatite

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Abstract

Novel heterogeneous iron doped fluorapatite (Fe-FAp) catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation in the presence of amino acids, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, and histidine to establish their influence on catalytic activity of Fe-FAps. The four materials, named Fe-FAp/glutamic acid, Fe-FAp/aspartic acid, Fe-FAp/glycine, Fe-FAp/histidine, were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, microscopic (FE-SEM and HR-TEM) analysis, and N2 sorption isotherms. Amino acids influenced the crystal growth and morphology of Fe-FAps differently and generated materials with diverse morphological features in size, pore properties and surface areas. The efficacy of different Fe-FAps as heterogeneous catalysts in the value added conversion of various aromatic aldehydes to thio-triazole derivatives with ethanol as solvent was investigated. For the title reaction, glutamic acid assisted Fe-FAp displayed superior activity with 96 % yield in a short-interval of times (10 min) at room temperature. Employing the optimized conditions, six different 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione derivatives were synthesized in excellent yields (91–96 %) at reaction temperature in <20 min time.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank National Research Foundation, Pretoria, South Africa, and University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, for financial assistance and research facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban, 4000, South Africa

    Kranthi Kumar Gangu, Suresh Maddila, Surya Narayana Maddila & Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda

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  1. Kranthi Kumar Gangu
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  2. Suresh Maddila
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  3. Surya Narayana Maddila
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  4. Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
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Correspondence to Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda.

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Gangu, K.K., Maddila, S., Maddila, S. et al. Efficient synthetic route for thio-triazole derivatives catalyzed by iron doped fluorapatite. Res Chem Intermed 43, 1793–1811 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-016-2730-5

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