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Endocrine roles of vitamin K-dependent- osteocalcin in the relation between bone metabolism and metabolic disorders

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Abstract

Obesity and diabetes are important metabolic diseases and a major public health problem among the world, they have serious health and economic complications. Overweight and obesity are increased risk for deficiency of vitamin particularly shortage of fat soluble-vitamins. Studies reported that vitamin K supplementation reduces oxidative stress and metabolic risk biomarkers for diabetes, as well as reduces progression of insulin resistance. Vitamin K-dependent-protein osteocalcin (bone derived hormone) plays crucial roles in energy metabolism. There is a clear association between circulating vitamin k and dependent-osteocalcin concentrations with obesity and risk of Type 2 diabetes. Osteocalcin through molecular mechanisms improves insulin resistance, lipid and glucose profile, and mediate vitamin K positive effects. Insulin also signals osteocalcin to regulate bone mineralization. Normal carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent proteins/ hormones is a key step in preventing apoptosis and calcification of vascular endothelial cells. A missing relationship between bone, glucose and fat metabolism could clarify and manage many metabolic mechanisms. This review focuses on the physiological relationship between vitamin K-dependent-osteocalcin, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases through some molecular proteins and hormones including adipokines. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of osteocalcin modulated by vitamin K could help in implementing therapeutic drugs to cure metabolic diseases.

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  1. Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Ebtesam Abdullah Al-Suhaimi & Meneerah Abdulrahman Al-Jafary

  2. Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Ebtesam Abdullah Al-Suhaimi & Meneerah Abdulrahman Al-Jafary

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EA writing—designed and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. MA writing—rewrote and edited the manuscript scientifically. MA & EA reviewed it. MA drafted the Figs. 1, 2 and 3. EA drafted the Figs. 4 and 5. MA & EA reviewed and approved the final draft of the manuscript.

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Al-Suhaimi, E.A., Al-Jafary, M.A. Endocrine roles of vitamin K-dependent- osteocalcin in the relation between bone metabolism and metabolic disorders. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 21, 117–125 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09517-9

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