Skip to main content
Log in

Double symmetry model and its decompositions in square contingency tables having ordered categories

  • Published:
Quality & Quantity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we have employed the non-standard log-linear models to fit the double symmetry models and some of its decompositions to square contingency tables having ordered categories. SAS PROC GENMOD was employed to fit these models although we could similarly have used GENLOG in SPSS or GLM in STATA. A SAS macro generates the factor or scalar variables required to fit these models. Two sets of \(4 \times 4\) unaided distance vision data that have been previously analyzed in (Tahata and Tomizawa, Journal of the Japan Statistical Society 36:91–106, 2006) were employed for verification of results. We also extend the approach to the Danish \(5 \times 5\) Mobility data as well as to the \(3 \times 3\) Danish longitudinal study data of subjective health, firstly reported in (Andersen, The Statistical Analysis of Categorical Data, Springer:Berlin, 1994) and analyzed in (Tahata and Tomizawa, Statistical Methods and Applications 19:307–318, 2010). Results obtained agree with those published in previous literature on the subject. The approaches suggest here eliminate any programming that might be required in order to apply these class of models to square contingency tables.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andersen, E.B.: The Statistical Analysis of Categorical Data, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin (1994)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, Y.M.M., Fienberg, S.E., Holland, P.W.: Discrete Multivariate Analysis: Theory and Practice. MIT Press, Cambridge (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Darroch, J.N., Ratcliff, D.: Generalized iterative scaling for log-linear models. Ann. Math. Stat. 43, 1470–1480 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glass, D.V. (ed.). : Social Mobility in Britain. Free Press, Glencoe, IL (1955)

  • Goodman, L.A.: Multiplicative models for square contingency tables with ordered categories. Biometrika 66, 413–418 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawal, H.B.: Implementing point-symmetry models for square contingency tables having ordered categories in SAS. Jour. Ital. Stat. Soc. 9, 1–22 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawal, H.B.: Using a GLM to decompose the symmetry model in square contingency tables having ordered categories. J. Appl. Stat. 31, 279–303 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawal, H.B., Sundheim, R.: Generating factor variables for asymmetry, non-independence and skew-symmetry models in square contingency tables using SAS. J. Stat. Softw. 7, 1–23 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stuart, A.: The estimation and comparison of strengths of association in contingency tables. Biometrika 40, 105–110 (1953)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stuart, A.: A test of homogeneity of the marginal distributions in a two-way classification. Biometrika 42, 412–416 (1955)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomizawa, S.: Double symmetry model and its decomposition in a square contingency table. J. Jpn. Stat. Soc. 15, 17–23 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomizawa, S.: A decomposition for the inclined point-symmetry model in a square contingency table. Biom. J. 3, 371–380 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomizawa, S.: Multiplicative models with further restrictions on the usual symmetry model. Commun. Stat. Theory Methods 21, 693–710 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tahata, K., Tomizawa, S.: Decompositions for extended double symmetry models in square contingency tables with ordered categories. J. Jpn. Stat. Soc. 36, 91–106 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tahata, K., Tomizawa, S.: Double linear diagonals-parameter symmetry and decomposition of double symmetry for square tables. Stat. Methods Appl. 19, 307–318 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wall, K.D., Lienert, G.A.: A test for point-symmetry in J-dimensional contingency cubes. Biom. Z. 18, 259–264 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bayo H. Lawal.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lawal, B.H., Sundheim, R.A. Double symmetry model and its decompositions in square contingency tables having ordered categories. Qual Quant 48, 1995–2005 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9876-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9876-7

Keywords

Navigation