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Comparative Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Taste Variations among Three Selected Wampee Cultivars

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Abstract

Sugars and acids of wampee predominantly influence consumer taste preference and its commercial value. The molecular basis of taste variations is currently unknown due to the lack of a large-scale investigation of metabolites in wampee. Here, three tastes cultivars, including YF1 (sweet), YF2 (sweet-sour) and YF3 (sour) wampees with sugar-acid ratios ranging from 1.74 to 26.32, were selected. Then, UPLC-MS/MS based widely targeted metabolome analysis was performed to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying these taste variations, followed by the analysis of KEGG pathways. Results showed that 449, 470, 147 metabolites differed between YF1 vs YF2, YF1 vs YF3, and YF2 vs YF3. Fifty of them were screened as common differential metabolites (DMs) by Venn diagram, including 9 phenolic acids. Among them, the abundance level of methyl 3-O-methyl gallate (M3MG) showed a positive correlation with the titratable acids (R2 = 0.9009) and negative correlation with sugar-acid ratio (R2 = 0.9802) in three cultivars. Therefore, M3MG could be a taste biomarker for wampees. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis also verified that M3MG played a crucial role in the “biosynthesis of amino acids” pathway. These results above provide important insights into the taste-forming mechanism of wampee and will be beneficial for superior eating quality wampee breeding.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This research was funded by Scientific and technical Project of Hainan Province (KYYS-2022-03) and Scientific Research Institute Innovation Project of Hainan Province(jscx202009), China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Cold-chain of Hainan Province / Institute of Agro-products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan Province, China

    Qingchun Yin, Ronghu Zhang, Guang Wu & Hao Deng

  2. Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality Safety for State Market Regulation / Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou, China

    Qingchun Yin

  3. Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology of Hainan Province / Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China

    Zhe Chen

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  1. Qingchun Yin
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  2. Ronghu Zhang
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  3. Guang Wu
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  4. Zhe Chen
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  5. Hao Deng
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Qingchun Yin and Hao Deng; Methodology: Hao Deng; Software: Ronghu Zhang; Writing-original draft preparation: Guang Wu and Zhe Chen; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hao Deng.

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Yin, Q., Zhang, R., Wu, G. et al. Comparative Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Taste Variations among Three Selected Wampee Cultivars. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 77, 250–257 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-022-00973-4

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