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Interactions of linker proteins with the phycobiliproteins in the phycobilisome substructures of Gloeobacter violaceus

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Abstract

Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421 is a unicellular oxygenic photosynthetic organism, which precedes the diversification of cyanobacteria in the phylogenetic tree. It is the only cyanobacterium that does not contain internal membranes. The unique structure of the rods of the phycobilisome (PBS), grouped as one bundle of six parallel rods, distinguishes G. violaceus from the other PBS-containing cyanobacteria. It has been proposed that unique multidomain rod-linkers are responsible for this peculiarly organized shape. However, the localization of the multidomain linkers Glr1262 and Glr2806 in the PBS-rods remains controversial (Koyama et al. 2006, FEBS Lett 580:3457–3461; Krogmann et al. 2007, Photosynth Res 93:27–43). To further increase our understanding of the structure of the G. violaceus PBS, the identification of the proteins present in fractions obtained from sucrose gradient centrifugation and from native electrophoresis of partially dissociated PBS was conducted. The identification of the proteins, after electrophoresis, was done by spectrophotometry and mass spectrometry. The results support the localization of the multidomain linkers as previously proposed by us. The Glr1262 (92 kDa) linker protein was found to be the rod-core linker LRC92, and Glr2806 (81 kDa), a special rod linker LR81 that joins six disks of hexameric PC. Consequently, we propose to designate glr1262 as gene cpcGm (encoding LRC92) and glr2806 as gene cpcJm (encoding LR81). We also propose that the cpeC (glr1263) gene encoding LR31.8 forms the interface that binds PC to PE.

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Abbreviations

AP:

Allophycocyanin

apcAB :

Gene encoding the α and β subunits of allophycocyanin

apcC :

Gene encoding the 8-kDa core linker polypeptide

ApcE:

The 129-kDa core membrane linker phycobiliprotein

A.U.:

Absorbance units

cpcBA :

Genes encoding the α and β subunits of phycocyanin

cpcC1 :

Gene encoding the PC-rod linker polypeptide

cpcD :

Gene encoding the 9-kDa rod linker polypeptide

cpcG :

Gene encoding the rod-core linker polypeptide

CpcG:

The rod-core linker polypeptide

DCPIP:

Dichlorophenol-indophenol

DMF:

Dimethyl-formamide

Da:

Dalton

DTT:

Dithiothreitol

EDTA:

Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid

FNR:

Ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase

FNR-2D:

FNR containing only the two catalytic domains

FNR-3D:

FNR containing three domains (the CpcD-like domain and two catalytic domains)

LC/ESI/MS/MS:

Liquid-Chromatography/Electro-Spray-Ionization/tandem Mass-Spectrometry

LC 8 :

Core linker polypeptide of 8 kDa

LCM 130 :

The 130-kDa, core membrane protein

LR 7.8 :

The 7.8-kDa, phycocyanin-associated rod linker polypeptide

LR 31, CpcC:

The PC-rod linker polypeptide

M w :

Molecular weight

nm:

nanometers

ORF:

Open reading frame

PAGE:

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

PBP(s):

Phycobiliprotein(s)

PBS:

Phycobilisome(s)

PC:

Phycocyanin

PE:

Phycoerythrin

petH :

Gene encoding FNR

PMF:

Protein mass fingerprinting

PMSF:

Phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride

PSI:

Photosystem I

REP:

Repetitive sequence

SDS:

Sodium dodecylsulfate

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

WCE:

Whole-cell extract

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Acknowledgments

We are greatly indebted to Dr Diego González-Halphen for his editorial assistance. We thank Tecilli Cabellos-Avelar and Lourdes Elizabeth Leyva-Castillo for their technical assistance. We also appreciate critical reading of the manuscript by Felipe Alcántara Sánchez. Grant SEP-CONACYT México, Reference Number 46416-Q supported this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM Apartado Postal, 04510, México, DF, México

    Guillermo Mendoza-Hernández

  2. Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados-IPN, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07000, México, DF, México

    Bertha Pérez-Gómez & Carlos Gómez-Lojero

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-1157, USA

    David W. Krogmann

  4. Unidad de Biomedicina FES-Iztacala UNAM, Av. de Los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, 54090, México

    Emma Berta Gutiérrez-Cirlos

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  1. Guillermo Mendoza-Hernández
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Correspondence to Carlos Gómez-Lojero.

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Mendoza-Hernández, G., Pérez-Gómez, B., Krogmann, D.W. et al. Interactions of linker proteins with the phycobiliproteins in the phycobilisome substructures of Gloeobacter violaceus . Photosynth Res 106, 247–261 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-010-9601-5

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