Abstract
Aims
Phosphorus (P), like nitrogen (N), commonly impacts the structures and functions of terrestrial ecosystems. Global changes (N deposition) and land-use intensification (mowing) may influence the components of P cycling in grassland ecosystems, especially soil organic P mineralization, which provides P for plants and microbes. It remains unclear how soil annual organic P mineralization rate responds to mowing and N addition and its potential mechanisms in the semi-natural grasslands.
Methods
We conducted a five-year field experiment that included mowing (mown and unmown) and N additions (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 g N m−2 yr−1) to explore the responses of and main factors controlling soil organic P mineralization to these treatments in a semi-natural grassland—Songnen Meadow Steppe.
Results
We found that N additions enhanced the rate of soil organic P mineralization in semi-natural grassland. The magnitude of positive effects of N additions was larger in mown plots than unmown plots. Compared with no N addition, the rates of soil annual organic P mineralization increased 39.04, 46.88, 90.57, 58.82, and 67.97% under mown as the N input increased, and 23.89, 24.13, 25.46, 33.42 and 34.81% under unmown. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was the main driver which controlled soil annual organic P mineralization rates under N additions in unmown plots, and the plant aboveground biomass, soil microbial community composition, and ALP activities were the main drivers under N additions in mown plots. Our results indicate that mowing modulated the effects of N additions on the annual organic P mineralization rate in soil.
Conclusions
The soil annual organic P mineralization rate had stronger dependence on the shifts in plant-soil–microbe variables with N additions in the mown conditions than in the unmown conditions, which highlighted that P cycling may be more susceptible to future environmental changes induced by N deposition under mowing in semi-natural ecosystems. Our study provided the new insight of that plant and soil interactions have an important role in maintaining the supply of P, and they may drive soil organic P mineralization in P-deficient ecosystems as N deposition increases.
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Data availability
The database used for this paper is available from figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20222787.v1.
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Acknowledgements
We greatly thank Keying Wang, Xiaoli Ling, Jing Gao, Gui Wang, Yuan Yao, and Xue Dong with their help in measuring the soil and plant samples in the lab and field. We are also grateful to Minna Zhang, Yinong Li, and Shengen Liu for their valuable feedback and suggestions for the data analysis in the earlier version. This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32101335, 31570470, 31870456), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M690589), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2412021QD014), Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (YDZJ202201ZYTS485), Innovation Project of Young Technological Talents in Changchun City (21QC07), and Introduction of Excellent Doctoral Talents Program of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (NDGCC2016-05).
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H.C. and W.S. designed the experiment and created the original idea of the manuscript. H.C. performed all of statistical analyses and wrote the first manuscript with the help of M.F., Y.W., X.Z., W.X., W.S. and J-Y. M. And, H.C. collected the data with the help of W.Z.S. and Y.L. in the field and lab work. All the authors contributed substantially to the revisions of the final manuscript. No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript.
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Cui, H., Fan, M., Wang, Y. et al. Impacts of mowing and N addition on soil organic phosphorus mineralization rates in a semi-natural grassland in Northeast China. Plant Soil 482, 7–23 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05670-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05670-4