Abstract
Background an aims
Nutrient use overlap among sympatric Streptomyces populations is correlated with pathogen inhibitory capacity, yet there is little information on either the factors that influence nutrient use overlap among coexisting populations or the diversity of nutrient use among soil Streptomyces.
Methods
We examined the effects of plant host and plant species richness on nutrient use of Streptomyces isolated from the rhizosphere of Andropogon gerardii (Ag) and Lespedeza capitata (Lc) growing in communities of 1 (monoculture) or 16 (polyculture) plant species. Growth on 95 carbon sources was assessed over 5d.
Results
Cumulative growth was significantly greater for polyculture vs. monoculture isolates, and for Lc vs. Ag isolates. Isolates from monocultures, but not polycultures, exhibited a drop in growth rates between 24 h and 72 h post-inoculation, suggesting resource allocation to non-growth functions. Isolates from high-carbon (polyculture) or high-nitrogen (Lc) soils had larger niche widths than isolates from low-C (monocultures) or low-N (Ag) soils. Sympatric isolates from polycultures were significantly more differentiated from one another in preferred nutrients for growth than sympatric isolates from monocultures.
Conclusions
These results suggest that Streptomyces populations respond to selection imposed by plant host and plant community richness and that populations from polyculture but not from monoculture, mediate resource competition via niche differentiation.
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Acknowledgments
Adil Essarioui was supported by funds from the Islamic Development Bank. Research was supported by Agricultural and Food Research Grant Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-67019-30200 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Technical and field support from Lindsey Hanson, Dan Schlatter, and Nick LeBlanc were invaluable to completion of the work. Field plots maintained under National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Grant 0620652 were the source of soil samples used in this study.
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Essarioui, A., Kistler, H.C. & Kinkel, L.L. Nutrient use preferences among soil Streptomyces suggest greater resource competition in monoculture than polyculture plant communities. Plant Soil 409, 329–343 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2968-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2968-0