Abstract
Background and aims
The potential use of a metal-tolerant sunflower mutant line for both biomonitoring and phytoremediating a Cu-contaminated soil series was investigated.
Methods
The soil series (21–1,170 mg Cu kg−1) was sampled in field plots at control and wood preservation sites. Sunflowers were cultivated 1 month in potted soils under controlled conditions.
Results
pH and dissolved organic matter influenced Cu concentration in the soil pore water. Leaf chlorophyll content and root growth decreased as Cu exposure rose. Their EC10 values corresponded to 104 and 118 μg Cu L−1 in the soil pore water, 138 and 155 mg Cu kg−1 for total soil Cu, and 16–18 mg Cu kg−1 DW shoot. Biomass of plant organs as well as leaf area, length and asymmetry were well correlated with Cu exposure, contrary to the maximum stem height and leaf water content.
Conclusions
Physiological parameters were more sensitive to soil Cu exposure than the morphological ones. Bioconcentration and translocation factors and distribution of mineral masses for Cu highlighted this mutant as a secondary Cu accumulator. Free Cu2+ concentration in soil pore water best predicted Cu phytoavailability. The usefulness of this sunflower mutant line for biomonitoring and Cu phytoextraction was discussed.
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Abbreviations
- BCF:
-
Bioconcentration factor
- Carot:
-
Carotenoid content
- CCA:
-
Chromated copper arsenate
- CEC:
-
Cation exchange capacity
- Chl:
-
Chlorophyll
- CTRL:
-
Control soil
- Cu-ISE:
-
Copper ion selective electrode
- ChlTOT:
-
Total chlorophyll content
- CuMM:
-
Shoot Cu removal
- CuRT:
-
Root Cu concentration
- CuSH:
-
Shoot Cu concentration
- CuSPW:
-
Total Cu concentration in the soil pore water
- CuTOT:
-
Total soil Cu
- DL:
-
Dolomitic limestone
- DMF:
-
N,N-dimethylformamide
- DOM:
-
Dissolved organic matter
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- DWSH:
-
Shoot DW yield
- EC10 :
-
in a graded dose response curve, the concentration of a compound where 10 % of its maximal effect is observed
- EMS:
-
Ethyl methanesulphonate
- INRA LAS:
-
French National Institute for Agricultural Research - Laboratory of soil analysis Arras France
- ISE:
-
Ion selective electrode
- LA:
-
Leaf asymmetry
- OM:
-
Organic matter
- RPI:
-
Relative parameter index
- RTEI:
-
Relative treatment efficiency index
- SL:
-
Stem length
- TE:
-
Trace element
- TF:
-
Translocation factor
- TI:
-
Tolerance index
- TLA:
-
Total leaf area
- TOC:
-
Total organic carbon
- UNT:
-
Untreated soil
- WC:
-
Water content
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Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by ADEME, Department of Urban Brownfields and Polluted Sites, Angers, France (Mrs F. Cadière as supervisor), the University of Bordeaux 1, Department of International Relationships, through European Commission Erasmus Mundus Lot 6, and the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme for Research (FP7-KBBE-266124, GREENLAND). Thanks to Dr. Christophe Barnier (Institut EGID University Bordeaux 3, France), Dr. Anne Serani-Loppinet (ICMCB, University Bordeaux 1, France), and Pr. Mikael Motelica (University of Orléans, France) for their help in the analysis of soil pore waters. Special thanks to Dr. Jean-Paul Maalouf and Galina Brutcova for their technical assistance.
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A metal-tolerant sunflower mutant can be used for monitoring and phytoremediating soil Cu contamination at a wood preservation site.
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Kolbas, A., Marchand, L., Herzig, R. et al. Phenotypic seedling responses of a metal-tolerant mutant line of sunflower growing on a Cu-contaminated soil series: potential uses for biomonitoring of Cu exposure and phytoremediation. Plant Soil 376, 377–397 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1974-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1974-8