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Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol to Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Mo2C Prepared in Nonthermal Plasma

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Abstract

Unsupported molybdenum carbide catalyst was prepared by a nonthermal plasma carburization (PC) method. The input voltage (50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, and 110 V) and discharge time (2, 3, and 4 h) were optimized. Pure β-Mo2C was prepared at input voltage of 90 V for 4 h (Mo2C-PC). In comparison, a molybdenum carbide catalyst (Mo2C-TPC) was prepared by the conventional temperature-programmed reduction carburization. Mo2C-PC had smaller crystal size (7.4 nm), as estimated by the Scherrer equation (XRD), and more active sites (Mo2+), as determined by XPS. TEM characterization revealed that there was no obvious agglomeration of Mo2C-PC particles, whereas agglomerative particles and a carbon layer could be observed in Mo2C-TPC. Mo2C-PC and Mo2C-TPC were evaluated in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol, phenol, and anisole, using a stainless-steel tubular reactor. The results showed that both the conversion of phenolic compounds and the selectivity to aromatic hydrocarbons over Mo2C-PC were higher than those of Mo2C-TPC at low temperatures (< 300 °C). The TOF of Mo2C-PC(0.37 s−1) was close to that of Mo2C-TPC (0.32 s−1) in HDO of guaiacol, suggesting that the enhanced performance could be ascribed to reduced particles, increased Mo sites (Mo2+) and suppressed carbon deposit.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21972014, 22172012, 22172015, 21872014) and International S&T Cooperation Program of China (2016YFE0109800).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People’s Republic of China

    Zihan Yu, Zhiquan Yu, Yao Wang, Zhichao Sun, Yingya Liu & Anjie Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Ansteel, Anshan, 114009, People’s Republic of China

    Zihan Yu

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  1. Zihan Yu
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  2. Zhiquan Yu
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  3. Yao Wang
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Correspondence to Yao Wang.

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Yu, Z., Yu, Z., Wang, Y. et al. Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol to Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Mo2C Prepared in Nonthermal Plasma. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 42, 1069–1083 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-022-10257-z

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