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Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Pharmacologic Preconditioning as a Means to Reduce Stroke-induced Inflammation and Damage

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Abstract

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term serious disability. Current therapeutic strategy is limited to thrombolytic agents, consequently, boosting endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms of the brain to protect itself against harmful stimuli and restore from damages are widely studied. Preconditioned brain to tolerate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury could be initiated by several different pharmacological and mechanical strategies, such as ischemic preconditioning, ethanol pharmacological preconditioning and other pre- and post-conditions, such as remote ischemic preconditioning and exercise preconditioning. In this article, we will discuss the major mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion injury and provide an overview of preconditioning in all its various forms, describe the underlying mechanisms and review the recent clinical application of this emerging neuroprotective strategy.

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Funding

The study was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China grant (2017YFC1307500 to QW), the Capital Health Research and Development of Special grants (2020-1-2013 to QW), the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Cooperative Basic Research Program (H2018206435 to QW), Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (ZZ2020-06 to HJY), and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Z200024 to YJW and QW).

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Author notes

  1. Dr. Huajun Yang and Dr. Chengxuan Qi are contributed equally

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China

    Huajun Yang & Hong You

  2. Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100093, Beijing, China

    Huajun Yang

  3. The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100142, Beijing, China

    Chengxuan Qi

  4. Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China

    Huajun Yang, Fang Su, Wei Shan, Yongjun Wang & Qun Wang

  5. Department of Neurology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China

    Fang Su

  6. National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 100070, Beijing, China

    Huajun Yang, Fang Su, Wei Shan, Anchen Guo, Jianping Wu, Yongjun Wang & Qun Wang

  7. Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China

    Huajun Yang, Wei Shan & Jianping Wu

  8. Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, China

    Wei Shan, Anchen Guo, Yongjun Wang & Qun Wang

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  1. Huajun Yang
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Yang, H., Qi, C., Su, F. et al. Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Pharmacologic Preconditioning as a Means to Reduce Stroke-induced Inflammation and Damage. Neurochem Res 47, 3598–3614 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-022-03789-5

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