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Glioblastoma and acute myeloid leukemia: malignancies with striking similarities

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Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and glioblastoma (GB) are two malignancies associated with high incidence of treatment refractoriness and generally, uniformly poor survival outcomes. While the former is a hematologic (i.e. a “liquid”) malignancy and the latter a solid tumor, the two diseases share both clinical and biochemical characteristics. Both diseases exist predominantly in primary (de novo) forms, with only a small subset of each progressing from precursor disease states like the myelodysplastic syndromes or diffuse glioma. More importantly, the primary and secondary forms of each disease are characterized by common sets of mutations and gene expression abnormalities. The primary versions of AML and GB are characterized by aberrant RAS pathway, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and Bcl-2 expression, and their secondary counterparts share abnormalities in TP53, isocitrate dehydrogenase, ATRX, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, and survivin that both influence the course of the diseases themselves and their progression from precursor disease. An understanding of these shared features is important, as it can be used to guide both the research about and treatment of each.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported in part by the MD Anderson Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA016672, by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Grant R01 NS094615-01A1 (Rao), and by philanthropic support from the SagerStrong Foundation (NP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Eric Goethe & Ganesh Rao

  2. Department of Leukemia, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Bing Z. Carter & Naveen Pemmaraju

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  1. Eric Goethe
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  2. Bing Z. Carter
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EG, BZC, GR, NP all wrote and edited the manuscript. All authors provided critical analysis and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ganesh Rao or Naveen Pemmaraju.

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Goethe, E., Carter, B.Z., Rao, G. et al. Glioblastoma and acute myeloid leukemia: malignancies with striking similarities. J Neurooncol 136, 223–231 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2676-5

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