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Expression of immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative biomarkers in human dental pulp derived-mesenchymal stem cells treated with curcumin: an in vitro study

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Abstract

Background

Human Dental pulp derived-mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs) have the capability of selfrenewal, multipotency, as well as immunosuppressive properties. They are ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental tissue and treating inflammation-related diseases. However, methods (such as genetic variation) to improve the immunomodulatory and regenerative efficiency of MSCs in different diseases still need to be developed. Curcumin (CUR) is known for its broad applications in regenerative medicine and the treatment of inflammatory disorders via its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. This study was conducted to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of CUR on the immunomodulatory and regenerative function of hDP-MSCs and whether treating these cells with CUR can improve therapeutic efficacy.

Methods and Results

hDP-MSCs were isolated from dental pulp and then treated with CUR. Cell viability rate was observed in hDP-MSCs after treatment of CUR by MTT assay. Real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) was applied to estimate the expression of immunomodulatory and regenerative genes after treatment of CUR. The RT-PCR results showed that VEGF-A and STAT3 markers were up-regulated while HLA-G5 and VCAM-1 markers were down-regulated by CUR (20 µM) treatment in hDP-MSCs (P < 0.001). Besides, this research indicated that there were no significant changes in the expressions of RelA and DSPP after 48 h (P = 0.33, P = 1).

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that CUR can enhance the immunomodulatory and regenerative effects of hDP-MSCs and improve their therapeutic efficacy. These findings can give an understanding of the mechanism for improving restorative and immunomodulatory activity in hDP-MSCs by curcumin.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the research assistant of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran for the support during this study.

Funding

This study was funded by Birjand University of Medical Sciences, under grant No.456181.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Malaksima Ayadilord and Mansoore Saharkhiz have equally contributed as first author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Malaksima Ayadilord & Mansoore Saharkhiz

  2. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Malaksima Ayadilord, Mansoore Saharkhiz & Mohsen Naseri

  3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Mohsen Naseri

  4. Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Fariba Emadian Razavi

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  1. Malaksima Ayadilord
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Contributions

Malaksima Ayadilord: Study design, Executor of the plan, Analysis and Interpretation of data and Drafting of the manuscript. Mansoore Saharkhiz: Study design, Executor of the plan, Analysis and Interpretation of data and Drafting of the manuscript. Dr Mohsen Naseri: Study design, Edit and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. Dr Fariba Emadian Razavi: Material support, Study design, Executor of the plan, Supervision and Interpretation of data and Editing of the manuscript. *All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fariba Emadian Razavi.

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Conflict of interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

Using human-DPSC (hDPSC), a discarded human third molar (wisdom tooth) was received after obtaining the consent of the patient. The subject underwent treatment at the Dental Department of the Imam Reza Hospital (Birjand, Iran) after receiving approval from the Ethics Committee of Birjand University of Medical Science (approval number: IR.BUMS.REC.1399.157).

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Ayadilord, M., Saharkhiz, M., Naseri, M. et al. Expression of immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative biomarkers in human dental pulp derived-mesenchymal stem cells treated with curcumin: an in vitro study. Mol Biol Rep 49, 4411–4420 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07278-4

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