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Multipotent Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: a Literature Review

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Abstract

The advent of regenerative medicine has brought us the opportunity to regenerate, modify and restore human organs function. Stem cells, a key resource in regenerative medicine, are defined as clonogenic, self-renewing, progenitor cells that can generate into one or more specialized cell types. Stem cells have been classified into three main groups: embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult/postnatal stem cells (ASCs). The present review focused the attention on ASCs, which have been identified in many perioral tissues such as dental pulp, periodontal ligament, follicle, gingival, alveolar bone and papilla. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are ectodermal-derived stem cells, originating from migrating neural crest cells and possess mesenchymal stem cell properties. During last decade, hDPSCs have received extensive attention in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their accessibility and ability to differentiate in several cell phenotypes. In this review, we have carefully described the potential of hDPSCs to differentiate into odontoblasts, osteocytes/osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and neural cells.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jonathan Garlick and his laboratory members from the Tufts University, School of Dental Medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    N. Nuti & M. Ferrari

  2. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    C. Corallo

  3. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA

    B. M. F. Chan

  4. Department of Diagnostic Science, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA

    B. Gerami-Naini

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  1. N. Nuti
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Correspondence to C. Corallo.

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Nuti, N., Corallo, C., Chan, B.M.F. et al. Multipotent Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: a Literature Review. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 12, 511–523 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-016-9661-9

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