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Identification and characterization analysis of candidate genes controlling mushroom leaf development in Chinese kale by BSA-seq

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Abstract

Mushroom leaves (MLs) are malformed leaves that develop from the leaf veins in some of Chinese kale genotypes. To study the genetic model and molecular mechanism of ML development in Chinese kale, the F2 segregation population was constructed by two inbred lines, genotype Boc52 with ML and genotype Boc55 with normal leaves (NL). In the present study, we have identified for the first time that the development of mushroom leaves may be affected by the change of adaxial-abaxial polarity of leaves. Examination of the phenotypes of F1 and F2 segregation populations suggested that ML development is controlled by two dominant major genes inherited independently. BSA-seq analysis showed that a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) qML4.1 that controls ML development is located within 7.4 Mb on chromosome kC4. The candidate region was further narrowed to 255 kb by linkage analysis combined with insertion/deletion (InDel) markers, and 37 genes were predicted in this region. According to the expression and annotation analysis, a B3 domain-containing transcription factor NGA1-like gene, BocNGA1, was identified as a key candidate gene for controlling ML development in Chinese kale. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in coding sequences and 21 SNPs and 3 InDels found in the promoter sequences of BocNGA1 from the genotype Boc52 with ML. The expression levels of BocNGA1 in ML genotypes are significantly lower than in the NL genotypes, which suggests that BocNGA1 may act as a negative regulator for ML genesis in Chinese kale. This study provides a new foundation for Chinese kale breeding and for the study of the molecular mechanism of plant leaf differentiation.

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The data are provided in the supplementary information, and other data and materials are available from the author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was funded by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2022B0202080001, 2018B020202010), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515011396), and the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (202002020007, 202206010173).

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Author notes

  1. Shuo Feng and Jianbing Wu contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Shuo Feng, Jianbing Wu, Zhangsheng Zhu, Juntao Wang, Guoju Chen, Bihao Cao, Jianjun Lei & Changming Chen

  2. Guangdong Helinong Agricultural Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shantou, 515800, Guangdong, China

    Kunhao Chen & Muxi Chen

  3. Guangdong Helinong Biological Seed Industry Co., Ltd, Shantou, 515800, Guangdong, China

    Kunhao Chen & Muxi Chen

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  1. Shuo Feng
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  3. Kunhao Chen
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Contributions

CC and SF designed the experiments; JW and SF performed the experiments and analyzed the data; ZZ, KC, MC, and JW provided advice and assistance during experiments and data analysis; CC, SF and JW wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Changming Chen.

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Feng, S., Wu, J., Chen, K. et al. Identification and characterization analysis of candidate genes controlling mushroom leaf development in Chinese kale by BSA-seq. Mol Breeding 43, 17 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-023-01364-6

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