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Exponentially decreased surface elasticity effect on elastic property and piezoelectric property of piezoelectric nanowires

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Abstract

Elastic and piezoelectric properties of nanowires are strongly influenced by surface elasticity effect. In this paper, a continuum theory for describing the elastic and piezoelectric properties of nanowires was proposed. The surface elasticity effect was considered as decreasing law with increasing distance from surface, as was accepted by researchers. The decrease law was considered as exponential in this paper. This theoretical model avoided the unreasonable and non-physical interface between bulk like core and surface area of nanowires. Due to the influence of variational surface elasticity, the nonlinear and exponential surface modifications were introduced. Specifically, the surface elasticity effect on piezoelectric potential was analysed with different nanowire radii and different applied forces. The surface elasticity effect on the deflection of nanowires was also discussed in this paper. The results demonstrate that surface elasticity effect is an important factor of nanowire mechanical properties, not only elastic property but also piezoelectric property, especially for radius bellow 100 nm.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province under Grant No. 201901D111316, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11874245, Science and technology innovation project of Shanxi Colleges and Universities under Grant No. 2020L0488, Datong City Science and Technology Research Project under Grant No. 2019015, Scientific research project of Shanxi Datong University under Grant No. 2019K2, No. XJG2020203, Teaching reform and innovation project of colleges and universities in Shanxi Province under Grant No. J2021508, the Key Scientific Research Program for Higher Schools of Inner Mongolia under Grant No. NJZZ21057.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shanxi Datong University & Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Microstructure Electromagnetic Functional Materials, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People’s Republic of China

    Jiangang Li, Yaodong Xu, Zhixiang Gao & Yunlong Shi

  2. Department of Information Technology, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos, 017000, People’s Republic of China

    Haiyan Yao

  3. Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Hua Wang

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  1. Jiangang Li
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  5. Hua Wang
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Correspondence to Jiangang Li or Hua Wang.

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Li, J., Yao, H., Xu, Y. et al. Exponentially decreased surface elasticity effect on elastic property and piezoelectric property of piezoelectric nanowires. Meccanica 57, 1545–1555 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-022-01509-5

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