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Experimental investigation on the effect of natural gas premixed ratio on combustion and emissions in an IDI engine

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Abstract

Usage of natural gas in an internal combustion engine that has different combustion technologies is considered a possible solution to reduce engine outlet emissions and lower fuel consumption. A single-cylinder IDI engine, a variable compression ratio engine equipped with a mechanical pumping diesel fuel that can change the timing of starting a fuel injection from 0° to 45° before TDC, for the empirical study of combustion and pollutants is tested. Computational fluid dynamics simulation with detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms is compared with experimental results. Experimental results are evaluated in two different engines loads of 25%, 60%, and 1100 rpm. Four cases are tested with different natural gas ratio and the same start of diesel fuel injection. Increasing the formation and release of HC and CO pollutant occurs with an increase in premix natural gas due to incomplete combustion. Furthermore, by increasing the percentage of natural gas from case 1 to 4, the reduction of NOx in the engine output occurs by increasing the natural gas ratio and at the end, reducing HC and CO emissions happen by increasing engine loading and combustion improvement. Also, in-cylinder pressure at the compression stage decreases with an increase in natural gas ratio because with the increase in the mixing of natural gas fuel with air, the special heat capacity of the mixture increases.

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Abbreviations

IDI:

Indirect injection

LTC:

Low-temperature combustion

PPC:

Partially premixed combustion

RCCI:

Reactivity controlled compression ignition

NG:

Natural gas

PRR:

Pressure rise rate

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculation

TDC:

Top dead center

CA:

Crank angle

aBDC:

After bottom dead center

bBDC:

Before bottom dead center

bTDC:

Before top dead center

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamic

KH:

Kelvin–Helmholtz

RT:

Rayleigh–Taylor

HRR:

Heat release rate

IVC:

Intake valve closing

EVO:

Exhaust valve opening

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen

CO:

Carbon monoxide

HC:

Unburned hydrocarbon

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Hassan Khatamnejad, Shahram Khalilarya & Samad Jafarmadar

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Mostafa Mirsalim

  3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Ayat Gharehghani

  4. Young Researchers Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

    Seyed Omid Daei Niaki

Authors
  1. Hassan Khatamnejad
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  2. Shahram Khalilarya
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  3. Samad Jafarmadar
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  4. Mostafa Mirsalim
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  5. Ayat Gharehghani
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  6. Seyed Omid Daei Niaki
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Correspondence to Hassan Khatamnejad.

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Khatamnejad, H., Khalilarya, S., Jafarmadar, S. et al. Experimental investigation on the effect of natural gas premixed ratio on combustion and emissions in an IDI engine. J Therm Anal Calorim 138, 3977–3986 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08726-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08726-3

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