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Significance of alumina in nanofluid technology

An overview

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Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged to be an essential aspect of science and technology. The growth of this field has been enormous specifically in the development of nanomaterials. Till date, numerous nanomaterials have been developed and designed to suit various applications from mechanical to biomedical. Among the developed nanomaterial, alumina (Al) has been subject of interest due to its notable chemical and physical properties. Specifically, in thermal properties, Al has been shown to have superior thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer coefficient properties. As such, Al has been utilized in different forms in various fields of applications and verified for its importance, significance and efficiency. Though it had shown outstanding results in the field engineering and sciences, their effect towards the environment and human health is yet to be explored extensively. The present paper aims to review the significance of Al nanoparticle addition in mono- and hybrid nanofluids. Also, this paper intends to provide the reader with an overview of the works that have been carried out using Al nanoparticles and their findings.

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Fig. 1

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [62], copyright 2009, Elsevier

Fig. 2

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [63], copyright 2015, Elsevier

Fig. 3

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [64], copyright 2015, Elsevier

Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [117], copyright 2016, Elsevier

Fig. 7

Reproduced with the permission from Ref. [129], copyright 2017, Elsevier

Fig. 8

Reproduced with the permission from Ref. [165], copyright 2011, Elsevier

Fig. 9

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [171], copyright 2017, Elsevier

Fig. 10

Figure adapted with the permission from Ref. [95], copyright 2011, Elsevier

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Abbreviations

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

FESEM:

Field emission scanning electron microscopy

CHF:

Critical heat flux

VCAM-1:

Vascular cell adhesion protein-1

ICAM-1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1

ElAM-1:

Endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule-1

PWE:

Pulse wire evaporation

DC:

Direct current

nHTF:

Nano-heat transfer fluid

EG:

Ethylene glycol

CNT:

Carbon nanotube

MWCNT:

Multi-walled carbon nanotube

SWCNT:

Single-walled carbon nanotube

NP:

Nanoparticle

PCM:

Phase change material

MEPCM:

Micro-encapsulated phase change material

GnPs:

Graphene nanoplatelets

DI:

Deionized

ANN:

Artificial neural network

OPC:

Ordinary Portland cement

Ni:

Nickle

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 k−1)

M :

Molecular weight (kg kmol−1)

C p :

Specific heat of fluid (J kg−1K−1)

A, B, C, D, b :

Coefficient

T :

Temperature (°C K−1)

t :

Time (s)

q :

Power per unit length

γ :

Gamma

α :

Alpha-thermal diffusivity

θ :

Theta

δ :

Delta

µ, η :

Viscosity (kg m−1 s−1 or N s m−2 or mPa s)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

ϕ, φ, f :

Volumetric concentration of particles (%)

nf:

Nanofluid

np or p:

Nanoparticle

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

r:

Relative

v:

Volume

f:

Fluid

BF:

Base fluid

w:

Deionized water

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank University Malaysia Pahang (UMP) for Grant RDU 180328 and Bangabandhu Science and Technology Fellowship Trust (Bangladesh) for financial assistance and facilities provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia

    K. Farhana, K. Kadirgama, M. M. Rahman, M. M. Noor, D. Ramasamy & M. Samykano

  2. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    G. Najafi

  3. Malaysia – Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nor Azwadi Che Sidik

  4. Mechanical Engineering Department, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

    F. Tarlochan

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  1. K. Farhana
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Farhana, K., Kadirgama, K., Rahman, M.M. et al. Significance of alumina in nanofluid technology. J Therm Anal Calorim 138, 1107–1126 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08305-6

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