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Difunctional effects of [Bmim][DBP] on curing process and flame retardancy of epoxy resin

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Abstract

To optimize the curing process and improve the flame retardancy of epoxy resin, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dibutyl phosphate ([Bmim][DBP]) was used as a functional additive. In this study, [Bmim][DBP] was firstly blended into epoxy resin through a curing process. Then, the effect of [Bmim][DBP] on curing process was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The flame retardancy of modified epoxy resin was classified using the limit oxygen index and vertical burning test. The thermal decomposition behavior was investigated through a thermogravimetry. Finally, the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructures. Results revealed that [Bmim][DBP] has the potential for use as a flame-retardant hardener of epoxy resin. Moreover, the curing process of epoxy resin was found to be optimized when diethylenetriamine cooperated with [Bmim][DBP]. Similarly, the flame retardancy of epoxy resin was further improved when ammonium polyphosphate cooperated with [Bmim][DBP]. Furthermore, the thermal decomposition behavior of epoxy resin was relatively advanced by adding [Bmim][DBP]. In conclusion, [Bmim][DBP] could be used as a difunctional additive to optimize the curing process and flame retardancy simultaneously. Particularly, an optimal concentration of [Bmim][DBP] was proposed to be 1.5–2.0 mass%.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0801502), National Natural Science Foundation of China (51704171), Major Projects of Natural Science Research for Colleges in Jiangsu Province (17KJA620002), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX17_0915), and A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

    Hui-Chun Jiang, Min Hua, Xu-Hai Pan & Jun-Cheng Jiang

  2. Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (YunTech), 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, 64002, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC

    Wei-Cheng Lin

  3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemical Safety and Control, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

    Min Hua, Xu-Hai Pan & Jun-Cheng Jiang

  4. Center for Process Safety and Industrial Disaster Prevention, School of Engineering, YunTech, 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC

    Chi-Min Shu

  5. Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, YunTech, 123, University Rd, Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC

    Chi-Min Shu

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  1. Hui-Chun Jiang
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  2. Wei-Cheng Lin
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Correspondence to Xu-Hai Pan or Chi-Min Shu.

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Jiang, HC., Lin, WC., Hua, M. et al. Difunctional effects of [Bmim][DBP] on curing process and flame retardancy of epoxy resin. J Therm Anal Calorim 137, 1707–1717 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-08000-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-08000-y

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