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Physical properties of the solid solution NiFe2-xMnxO4 prepared by sol gel

  • Original Paper: Characterization methods of sol-gel and hybrid materials
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Abstract

The solid solution NiFe2-xMnxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) is synthesized by sol gel method and the physical properties are investigated for the first time. The thermal analysis shows that the phases are formed above 400 °C. The oxides crystallize in an inverse cubic spinel whose lattice constant (a: 0.83381–0.83985 nm) increases only slightly up to x = 1.6, according to the Vegard’s law; such result is supported by the FTIR spectra. The UV-Visible spectroscopy shows both direct (1.00–1.56 eV) and indirect optical transitions (0.39–1.65 eV) due to the crystal field splitting of 3d metal. Field-dependent magnetization of the solid solution was measured at 300 K in the region (±20 kOe) and the end member NiFe2O4 exhibits a high magnetism with a saturation magnetization (20 emu/g), comparable to that reported previously. The saturation magnetization varies between 0.5 and 20 emu/g while the coactivity fluctuates between 110 and 239 Oe. The thermal variation of the electrical conductivity indicates a conduction mechanism by low polaron hopping which follows an exponential law with variable activation energies (Ea: 0.12–033 eV). The thermo-power is positive and nearly constant (S300K: 144–130 µVK−1), indicating p type conduction with a mobility more a less constant (1.5–8 × 10−6 V2 cm−1 s−1). The hole densities (NA × 1016: 0.26–2.17) are determined electrochemically from the capacitances measurements in neutral medium (Na2SO4 0.5 M). The flat band potential (Efb: −0.04 to −0.29 V) does not change significantly indicating that the valence band derives mostly from 3d orbital.

Highlights

  • The solid solution NiFe2-xMnxO4 (0 £ × £ 2) is synthesized by sol gel method.

  • NiFe2-xMnxO4 system exhibits p-type conductivity with direct transition band gaps.

  • The charge transport occurs either between Fe2+/Fe3+ or Mn2+/Mn3+ ions in B-sites.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support from the Thematic Research Agency for Science and Technology (ATRST) of Algeria, through the national research program (PM 01/2019, CNEPRU Project N° B002014N160420190001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, Faculty of Chemistry (USTHB) BP 32, 16111, Algiers, Algeria

    Gharib Rekhila, Kamel Cherifi, Yassine Bessekhouad & Mohamed Trari

  2. National Veterinary High School, BP 161, El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria

    Yassine Bessekhouad

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  1. Gharib Rekhila
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Rekhila, G., Cherifi, K., Bessekhouad, Y. et al. Physical properties of the solid solution NiFe2-xMnxO4 prepared by sol gel. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 97, 540–547 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05456-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05456-z

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