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Deliquescent behavior of calcium phosphate materials synthesized by sol–gel technique

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for energy, environment and building applications
  • Published:
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Abstract

Water storage and purification, as well as dehydration processes, are a cause of concern for many healthy and industrial issues. In this work, calcium phosphate (CaP) materials with high water capture performance were prepared by sol–gel synthesis. After their structural characterization by several techniques, they were used in water capture tests performed in temperatures ranging from 25 to 45 °C using a climatic chamber kept at a relative humidity of 60%. The CaP samples showed a higher water uptake capacity than a commercial silica sample commonly used as a water adsorbent, despite the low surface area and pore volume displayed by the former. Moreover, different from the silica adsorbent, the studied CaP materials were submerged by the captured water after the first day, which suggests a deliquescent behavior. The CaP mass uptakes reached around 350% when tested at 25 °C and the materials release the adsorbed water quickly when heated at 100 °C. It was also demonstrated that the materials prepared here maintained their structural integrity even after the deliquescence step, which could allow their use for many cycles.

Highlights

  • Calcium phosphate materials were prepared by sol–gel synthesis.

  • Materials consist of CaHPO4 crystals with an amorphous phase.

  • Calcium phosphate (CaP) samples present high water capture capacities.

  • Sample structures do not contain a significant volume of mesopores.

  • Synthesized CaP materials present deliquescent behaviors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the financial support from CNPq (305013/2017-3 and 301423/2018-0), CAPES (PROEX), and FAPEMIG (APQ-01881-18). The UFMG Microscopy Center is acknowledged for the support given in SEM. We also thank Samuel Lima, Ilda Batista, Luiz Oliveira, and Victor Araújo for the support provided in XRD, N2 adsorption, FTIR, and DSC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha—Campus da UFMG, Escola de Engenharia, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil

    Raquel Luiza Mageste Fonseca, Julio Cézar Balarini & Manuel Houmard

  2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha—Campus da UFMG, Escola de Engenharia, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil

    Bruno de Souza Gonçalves & Eduardo Henrique Martins Nunes

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  1. Raquel Luiza Mageste Fonseca
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  2. Bruno de Souza Gonçalves
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Correspondence to Raquel Luiza Mageste Fonseca, Eduardo Henrique Martins Nunes or Manuel Houmard.

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Fonseca, R.L.M., de Souza Gonçalves, B., Balarini, J.C. et al. Deliquescent behavior of calcium phosphate materials synthesized by sol–gel technique. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 97, 404–413 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05425-6

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