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Application of a novel sodium alginate-graft-poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogel for removal of malachite green from wastewater

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Abstract

In this study, the hydrogels were synthesized by grafting copolymers of methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylamide (AAm) onto the sodium alginate (SA) backbone by free radical polymerization method to remove malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution. Montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanoparticles with different ratios (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%) were added to the hydrogel to improve the swelling and MG adsorption behavior of the SA-g-poly(MMA-co-AAm)/MMT nanocomposite hydrogels. The optimum weight percentage of nanoparticles was obtained at 10 wt.% based on the SA-g-poly(MMA-co-AAm)/MMT nanocomposite hydrogel adsorption performance. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA, and EDX analysis. The results revealed that the SA-g-poly(MMA-co-AAm)/MMT nanocomposite hydrogel was successfully prepared. The maximum adsorption capacity of 95.91 mg/g for the adsorbent was obtained at a pH of 7, an adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g/L, a temperature of 25 °C, a contact time of 90 min, and MG concentration of 10 mg/L. The isotherm and kinetics results showed that the MG adsorption process followed the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order adsorption models. In thermodynamics studies, a negative value of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicated the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. In addition, SA-g-poly(MMA-co-AAm) and SA-g-poly(MMA-co-AAm)/MMT nanocomposite hydrogels gave adsorption enthalpies (ΔH°) of -61.512 and -77.281 kJ/mol, respectively, which proved the exothermic nature of the MG adsorption when using these adsorbents.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest as this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships. This makes this research not interpreted as a possible conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Caspian, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Hamid Safarzadeh

  2. Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran

    Seyed Jamaleddin Peighambardoust

  3. Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran

    Seyed Hadi Peighambardoust

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the conception and design of this study. Hamid Safarzadeh performed the synthesis of experimental samples and collected test data; Seyed Jamaleddin Peighambardoust designed the study and interpreted the results; Seyed Hadi Peighambardoust revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content and advised on conceptualization. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Seyed Jamaleddin Peighambardoust.

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Safarzadeh, H., Peighambardoust, S.J. & Peighambardoust, S.H. Application of a novel sodium alginate-graft-poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogel for removal of malachite green from wastewater. J Polym Res 30, 157 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-023-03531-x

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